4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone

4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone (Carthamidin) is a flavanone pigment. 4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone can be found in Carthamus tinctorius. 4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone induces ROS generation, oxidative stress, Apoptosis -mediated cell death, cell cycle arrest at G 0 /G 1 phase, mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, and LDH leakage. 4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects, and acts as a reducing and capping agent for gold nanoparticles. 4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone can be used in breast cancer research ^{[1] [2] [3]}.

In Vitro, 4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone (6.25-100 µg/mL; 24 h) effectively inhibits the proliferation of MCF 7 cells with an IC₅₀ of 128.65 µg/mL at 24 h^[1]. 4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone (128 µg/mL) induces ROS in MCF 7 cells, thereby mediating the apoptosis process^[1]. 4',5,7,8-Tetrahydroxyflavanone (128.65 µg/mL; 24 h) induces cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in MCF 7 cells, with 82.9% of cells residing there^[1].

References:
[1]. Palani S, et al. Apoptotic and Molecular Mechanisms of Carthamidin in Breast Cancer Therapy: An Integrated In Vitro and In Silico Study. Molecular biotechnology. 2025 Dec;67(12):4527-4541.
[2]. Joseph J, et al. Anti-proliferative activities of Carthamidin mediated gold nanoparticles against breast cancer: an in-vitro approach[J]. Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects, 2024, 39: 101324.
[3]. Özpeynirci A, et al. Safflower flower extracted carthamidin color pigment purification by adsorption chromatography and investigation of its use as a coloring agent in some foods[J]. Microchemical Journal, 2025: 116265.