(+)-Sotalol ((S)-Sotalol) is the S-isomer of Sotalol. Sotalol is an orally active, non-selective β-adrenergic receptor blocker. (+)-Sotalol is an antiarrhythmic agent. (+)-Sotalol can prolong action potential duration in isolated cardiac muscle [1] [2] [3].
In Vivo, (+)-Sotalol (8 mg/kg, i.v.) suppresses the induction of ventricular tachyarrhythmias by programmed stimulation in dogs[3].
In Vitro, (+)-Sotalol (1, 10, 100 µM) increases in action potential duration in isolated cardiac muscle[2]. (+)-Sotalol (100 μM, 60 minutes) prolongs the action potential in the three cell types (endocardial, epicardial, midmyocardial, and transmural strips)[4].
References:
[1]. ChuanjunLu, et al. The Ru-catalyzed enantioselective preparation of chiral halohydrins and their application in the synthesis of (R)-clorprenaline and (S)-sotalol. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry.Volume 22, Issue 7.11 April 2011, Pages 722-727
[2]. Kato R, et al. Electrophysiologic effects of the levo- and dextrorotatory isomers of sotalol in isolated cardiac muscle and their in vivo pharmacokinetics. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986 Jan;7(1):116-25.
[3]. Lynch JJ, et al. Antiarrhythmic and antifibrillatory actions of the levo- and dextrorotatory isomers of sotalol. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1984 Nov-Dec;6(6):1132-41.
[4]. Serge Sicouri, et al. d-Sotalol Induces Marked Action Potential Prolongation and Early Afterdepolarizations in M but Not Epicardial or Endocardial Cells of the Canine Ventricle. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeuticshttps. 2016.
In Vivo, (+)-Sotalol (8 mg/kg, i.v.) suppresses the induction of ventricular tachyarrhythmias by programmed stimulation in dogs[3].
In Vitro, (+)-Sotalol (1, 10, 100 µM) increases in action potential duration in isolated cardiac muscle[2]. (+)-Sotalol (100 μM, 60 minutes) prolongs the action potential in the three cell types (endocardial, epicardial, midmyocardial, and transmural strips)[4].
References:
[1]. ChuanjunLu, et al. The Ru-catalyzed enantioselective preparation of chiral halohydrins and their application in the synthesis of (R)-clorprenaline and (S)-sotalol. Tetrahedron: Asymmetry.Volume 22, Issue 7.11 April 2011, Pages 722-727
[2]. Kato R, et al. Electrophysiologic effects of the levo- and dextrorotatory isomers of sotalol in isolated cardiac muscle and their in vivo pharmacokinetics. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986 Jan;7(1):116-25.
[3]. Lynch JJ, et al. Antiarrhythmic and antifibrillatory actions of the levo- and dextrorotatory isomers of sotalol. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1984 Nov-Dec;6(6):1132-41.
[4]. Serge Sicouri, et al. d-Sotalol Induces Marked Action Potential Prolongation and Early Afterdepolarizations in M but Not Epicardial or Endocardial Cells of the Canine Ventricle. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeuticshttps. 2016.