7α-hydroxy Cholesterol is an endogenous oxidized cholesterol metabolite. 7α-hydroxy Cholesterol serves as a key rate-limiting intermediate in the bile acid biosynthesis pathway and a potential biomarker for lipid peroxidation. 7α-hydroxy Cholesterol can be used in research related to cardiovascular metabolic diseases such as atherosclerosis, as well as long-acting anti-tumor immunotherapy using TCR-T cells[1-4].
In vitro, 7α-hydroxy Cholesterol (5μg/ml) was applied to treat THP-1 monocytes for 6-48 hours. 7α-hydroxy Cholesterol significantly upregulated the expression of pattern recognition receptors (TLR6 and CD14) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, and CCL4). 7α-hydroxy Cholesterol enhanced cellular immune responses to PAMPs (such as FSL-1 and LPS) and immune cell migration, while simultaneously activating the phosphorylation of the Akt, Src, ERK1/2, and NF-κB signaling pathways[5]. 7α-hydroxy Cholesterol (12.5-100ng/ml) was used to treat HeLa cells for 24 hours, followed by stimulation with pyolysin for 2 hours. 7α-hydroxy Cholesterol significantly inhibited lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and cytolysis. 7α-hydroxy Cholesterol prevented the activation of MAPK cell stress responses and limited alterations in the cytoskeleton[6].
References:
[1] Cho HR, Son Y, Kim SM, et al. 7α-Hydroxycholesterol induces monocyte/macrophage cell expression of interleukin-8 via C5a receptor. PLoS One. 2017 Mar 21;12(3):e0173749.
[2] Crosignani A, Zuin M, Allocca M, et al. Oxysterols in bile acid metabolism. Clin Chim Acta. 2011 Nov 20;412(23-24):2037-45.
[3] Kim BY, Son Y, Kim BJ, et al. Atheroma-Relevant 7-Oxysterols Differentially Upregulate Cd14 Expression. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 23;24(13):10542.
[4] Nury T, Samadi M, Zarrouk A, et al. Improved synthesis and in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic profile of oxysterols oxidized at C4 (4α- and 4β-hydroxycholesterol) and C7 (7-ketocholesterol, 7α- and 7β-hydroxycholesterol) on cells of the central nervous system. Eur J Med Chem. 2013;70:558-67.
[5] Son Y, Kim BY, Kim M, et al. Glucocorticoids Impair the 7α-Hydroxycholesterol-Enhanced Innate Immune Response. Immune Netw. 2023 Oct 19;23(5):e40.
[6] Ormsby TJR, Owens SE, Clement L, et al. Oxysterols Protect Epithelial Cells Against Pore-Forming Toxins. Front Immunol. 2022 Jan 26;13:815775.