CL097, a potent TLR7/8 agonist, induces pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages[1]. CL097 induces NADPH oxidase priming, resulting in an increase of the fMLF-stimulated ROS production[2].
CL097 induces activation of NF-κB at 0.1 μM in TLR7 transfected HEK293 cells and at 4 μM in TLR8-transfected HEK293 cells[1].CL097 induces hyperactivation of the NADPH oxidase by stimulating the phosphorylation of p47phox on selective sites in human neutrophils and suggest that p38 MAPK, ERK1/2, protein kinase C, and Pin1 control this process. CL097 induces the phosphorylation of p47phox on specific sites and enhances fMLF-induced p47phox phosphorylation[2].
CL097 and CD40 agonist stimulation induces efficient diabetogenic Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) function in NOD mice. CL097 (5 mg/kg, s.c.) alone causes a modest specific lysis of the target peptide (∼25%). However, treatment with a combination of CL097 and CD40 agonist (10 mg/kg, i.p.) results in an increase of approximately twofold in the specific lysis of the IGRP-peptide-coated targets compared with CL097 treatment alone[3].
[1]. Cindy Patinote, et al. Agonist and antagonist ligands of toll-like receptors 7 and 8: Ingenious tools for therapeutic purposes. Eur J Med Chem. 2020 May 1;193:112238.
[2]. Karama Makni-Maalej, et al. The TLR7/8 agonist CL097 primes N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-stimulated NADPH oxidase activation in human neutrophils: critical role of p47phox phosphorylation and the proline isomerase Pin1. J Immunol. 2012 Nov 1;189(9):4657-65.
[3]. A S Lee, et al. Toll-like receptor 7 stimulation promotes autoimmune diabetes in the NOD mouse. Diabetologia. 2011 Jun;54(6):1407-16.