Aristolochic acid D is an aristolochic acid derivative isolated from stems of Aristolochia indica. Aristolochic acid is nephrotoxin and carcinogen[1].
[1]. Kupchan SM, et al. The isolation and structural elucidation of novel derivatives of aristolochic acid from Aristolochia indica. J Org Chem. 1968 Oct;33(10):3735-8. [2]. Balachandran P, et al. Structure activity relationships of aristolochic acid analogues: toxicity in cultured renal epithelial cells. Kidney Int. 2005 May;67(5):1797-805.
















