Britannin, isolated from Inula aucheriana, is a sesquiterpene lactone. Britannin induces apoptosis and autophagy by activating AMPK regulated by ROS in liver cancer cells. Britannin has anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities[1][2][3].
[1]. Cui YQ The suppressive effects of Britannin (Bri) on human liver cancer through inducing apoptosis and autophagy via AMPK activation regulated by ROS. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018 Mar 11;497(3):916-923. [2]. Park HH, et al. Britanin suppresses LPS-induced nitric oxide, PGE2 and cytokine production via NF-κB and MAPK inactivation in RAW 264.7 cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 2013 Feb;15(2):296-302. [3]. Moghadam MH, et al. Anti-proliferative activity and apoptotic potential of britannin, a sesquiterpene lactone from Inula aucheriana. Nat Prod Commun. 2012 Aug;7(8):979-80.