Aurothiomalate tetramer sodium is the tetrameric form of Aurothiomalate sodium. Aurothiomalate sodium acts as an inhibitor of PKCI and TrxR1. Aurothiomalate sodium disrupts the PKCI - Par6 - Rac1 signaling pathway, and also inhibits TrxR1 activity, TNFα -induced NF-κB activation, and the expression of pro-inflammatory genes. Aurothiomalate sodium blocks Kras-mediated BASC expansion and lung tumor growth, inhibits anchorage-independent growth and tumorigenicity of lung cancer cells, and suppresses neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and leukocyte extravasation. Aurothiomalate sodium can be used in research related to rheumatoid arthritis and non-small cell lung cancer [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6].
In Vitro, Aurothiomalate tetramer sodium is the tetrameric form of Aurothiomalate sodium [1].
References:
[1]. Campbell JM, et al. Action of sodium aurothiomalate on erythrocyte membrane. Ann Rheum Dis. 1992;51(8):969-971.
[2]. Regala RP, et al. Atypical protein kinase C{iota} is required for bronchioalveolar stem cell expansion and lung tumorigenesis. Cancer Res. 2009 Oct 1;69(19):7603-11.
[3]. Sakurai A, et al. Overexpression of thioredoxin reductase 1 regulates NF-kappa B activation. J Cell Physiol. 2004;198(1):22-30.
[4]. Sin YM, et al. Effect of sodium aurothiomalate on carrageenan induced inflammation of the air pouch in mice. Ann Rheum Dis. 1992;51(1):112-116.
[5]. Lewis D, et al. Gold levels produced by treatment with auranofin and sodium aurothiomalate. Ann Rheum Dis. 1983;42(5):566-570.
[6]. Regala RP, et al. Atypical protein kinase C iota expression and aurothiomalate sensitivity in human lung cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2008 Jul 15;68(14):5888-95.
In Vitro, Aurothiomalate tetramer sodium is the tetrameric form of Aurothiomalate sodium [1].
References:
[1]. Campbell JM, et al. Action of sodium aurothiomalate on erythrocyte membrane. Ann Rheum Dis. 1992;51(8):969-971.
[2]. Regala RP, et al. Atypical protein kinase C{iota} is required for bronchioalveolar stem cell expansion and lung tumorigenesis. Cancer Res. 2009 Oct 1;69(19):7603-11.
[3]. Sakurai A, et al. Overexpression of thioredoxin reductase 1 regulates NF-kappa B activation. J Cell Physiol. 2004;198(1):22-30.
[4]. Sin YM, et al. Effect of sodium aurothiomalate on carrageenan induced inflammation of the air pouch in mice. Ann Rheum Dis. 1992;51(1):112-116.
[5]. Lewis D, et al. Gold levels produced by treatment with auranofin and sodium aurothiomalate. Ann Rheum Dis. 1983;42(5):566-570.
[6]. Regala RP, et al. Atypical protein kinase C iota expression and aurothiomalate sensitivity in human lung cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2008 Jul 15;68(14):5888-95.