SEC induces activation of ANXA7 GTPase via the AMPK/mTORC1/STAT3 signaling pathway. SEC selectively promotes apoptosis in cancer cells, expressing a high level of ITGB4 by inducing ITGB4 nuclear translocation[1][2].
SEC (20 µM) inhibits the cell migration of HEK 293T RKIP-/- cells and PC3 prostate cancer cells[1].SEC (20 µM) significantly increases AMPK phosphorylation in PC3 cells, which is inverted by ANXA7 GTPase specific inhibitor ABO, indicating that activated ANXA7 with enhanced phosphorylation level promotes AMPK phosphorylation (cell selectively)[1]. Cell Viability Assay[1] Cell Line: HEK293T RKIP-/- cells.[1]
SEC (3 mg/kg/day or 18 mg/kg/day) suppresses metastasis in PC-3M-Luc orthotopic implantation nude mice model[1]. Animal Model: Luciferase-labeled PC-3M-Luc cells (2×106 per 50 µL sterile HBSS-/-) are orthotopically inoculated into the prostates of 8-week-old nude mice[1].
[1]. ShuYan Liu, et al. SEC-induced Activation of ANXA7 GTPase Suppresses Prostate Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Lett. 2018 Mar 1;416:11-23. [2]. ShuYan Liu, et al. A small molecule induces integrin β4 nuclear translocation and apoptosis selectively in cancer cells with high expression of integrin β4. Oncotarget. 2016 Mar 29; 7(13): 16282-16296.