C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) (human, rat, swine) is an endogenous peptide found in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid[2]. C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) is a member of the natriuretic peptide (NP) family[3]. C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) is also a potent, endothelial-derived relaxant and growth-inhibitory factor[6]. C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) is an agonist for the natriuretic peptide receptor NPR2 (NPRB) and has an affinity for NPR3 (NPRC). C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) can inhibit L-type calcium current in cardiomyocytes, has anti-proliferation effect in cardiac fibroblasts in vitro, and can promote vasodilation[7].
In vitro, C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) (0.01-1000nM) increased cGMP production in CHO cells expressing human Natriuretic Peptide Receptor-B (NPR-B) in a concentration-dependent manner[1].
In vivo, C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) could be transported across the vascular wall and reach NPR-B in peripheral tissues in SD rats[1].C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) (1μg/kg·min; i.v.; 3 weeks) improved endochondral ossification and accelerated bone growth in Ach mice[4]. C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) (2nmol; I.c.v.; once) induced an increase in the severity of picrotoxin-kindled convulsions 24 and 48hrs after application of the peptide in rats[5].
References:
[1] Morozumi N, Yotsumoto T, et,al. ASB20123: A novel C-type natriuretic peptide derivative for treatment of growth failure and dwarfism. PLoS One. 2019 Feb 22;14(2):e0212680.
[2] Minamino N, Makino Y, et,al.Characterization of immunoreactive human C-type natriuretic peptide in brain and heart. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Aug 30;179(1):535-42.
[3] Potter LR, Yoder AR, et,al. Natriuretic peptides: their structures, receptors, physiologic functions and therapeutic applications. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2009;(191):341-66.
[4] Yasoda A, Kitamura H, et,al. Systemic administration of C-type natriuretic peptide as a novel therapeutic strategy for skeletal dysplasias. Endocrinology. 2009 Jul;150(7):3138-44.
[5] Mazarati AM, HalÁszi E, et,al. ANP(1-28), BNP(1-32) and CNP(1-22) increase the severity of picrotoxin-kindled seizure syndrome in rats. Life Sci. 1993;52(3):PL19-24.
[6] Buckley MG, Jenkins GH, et,al. Circulating C-type natriuretic peptide is increased in orthotopic cardiac transplant recipients and associated with cardiac allograft vasculopathy. Clin Sci (Lond). 2000 Nov;99(5):467-72. PMID: 11052928.
[7] Pejchalova K, Krejci P, et,al.C-natriuretic peptide: an important regulator of cartilage. Mol Genet Metab. 2007 Nov;92(3):210-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2007.06.014. Epub 2007 Aug 6. PMID: 17681481.