Fangchinoline is isolated from Stephania tetrandra with extensive biological activities, such as enhancing immunity, anti-inflammatory sterilization and anti-atherosclerosis. Fangchinoline, a novel HIV-1 inhibitor, inhibits HIV-1 replication by impairing gp160 proteolytic processing[1]. Fangchinoline targets Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and suppresses FAK-mediated signaling pathway in tumor cells which highly expressed FAK[2]. Fangchinoline induces apoptosis and adaptive autophagy in bladder cancer[3].
Fangchinoline (2.5-40 µM; 24-96 hours) inhibits both T24 and 5637 cells in dose-dependent manner, the IC50 values of Fangchinoline in T24 cells are 19.0 µM (24 h), 12.0 µM (48 h) and 7.57 µM (72 h), and 11.9 µM (24 h), 9.92 µM (48 h) and 7.13 µM (72 h) in 5637 cells[1].Fangchinoline (5 µM; 24 hours) induces a significant increase in the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and a decrease in p62 in both T24 and 5637 cells, and causes a significant increase in the cleavage of caspase-3[1]. Cell Viability Assay[3] Cell Line: T24 and 5637 cells
[1]. Wan Z, et al. Fangchinoline inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by interfering with gp160 proteolytic processing. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39225. [2]. Guo B, et al. Fangchinoline as a kinase inhibitor targets FAK and suppresses FAK-mediated signaling pathway in A549. J Drug Target. 2015 Apr;23(3):266-74. [3]. Fan B, et al. Fangchinoline Induces Apoptosis, Autophagy and Energetic Impairment in Bladder Cancer. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2017;43(3):1003-1011.