Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (12-Deoxycholyltaurine)

Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (12-Deoxycholyltaurine)はタウリン結合胆汁酸である[1]。Taurochenodeoxycholic acid は肝臓、腸、および全身の代謝を調節し、FXR（Farnesoid X受容体）やTGR5などの受容体を活性化する[2-3]。Taurochenodeoxycholic acidは主にグルコース代謝、脂質代謝おおよび炎症反応で研究されている[4]。NR8383細胞におけるTaurochenodeoxycholic acid（1-100μM; 48H）の処理は細胞のアポトーシスを増加させる[5]。繊維芽細胞様滑膜細胞におけるTaurochenodeoxycholic acid（50-400μg/ml; 48h）は細胞のアポトーシスを誘発する[6]。SGC-7901細胞におけるaurochenodeoxycholic acid（0-100μg/mL; 12-48H）は胃がんの増殖と浸潤を阻害し、そのアポトーシスを誘発する[7]。

実験的な自己免疫性脳脊髄炎（EAE）マウスモデルではTaurochenodeoxycholic acid（25mg/kg、50mg/kg; PO; 23D）投与はEAEマウスの神経損傷を改善する可能性がある[8]。黄色ブドウ球菌に感染したマウスではTaurochenodeoxycholic acid（0.1μg/g; IP; 1H）炎症性メディエーターの分泌レベルとTLR2を介した黄色ブドウ球菌に感染したマウスの肺損傷を減少させる9]。

References:
[1]. Uchida A, Yamada T, Hayakawa T, et al. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid ameliorates and ursodeoxycholic acid exacerbates small intestinal inflammation[J]. American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 1997, 272(5): G1249-G1257.
[2]. Song G, Weng F, Zou B, et al. Potential therapeutic action of tauroursodeoxycholic acid against cholestatic liver injury via hepatic Fxr/Nrf2 and CHOP-DR5-caspase-8 pathway[J]. Clinical Science, 2023, 137(7): 561-577.
[3]. Qi Y, Shi L, Duan G, et al. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid increases cAMP content via specially interacting with bile acid receptor TGR5[J]. Molecules, 2021, 26(23): 7066.
[4]. Bao L, Hao D, Wang X, et al. Transcriptome investigation of anti‐inflammation and immuno‐regulation mechanism of taurochenodeoxycholic acid[J]. BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2021, 22(1): 23.
[5]. Wang X, Zhang Z, He X, et al. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid induces NR8383 cells apoptosis via PKC/JNK-dependent pathway[J]. European Journal of Pharmacology, 2016, 786: 109-115.
[6]. Li L, Liu C, Liu M, et al. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid induces apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes[J]. European journal of pharmacology, 2013, 706(1-3): 36-40.
[7]. Zhang D, Zhu Y, Su Y, et al. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid inhibits the proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer and induces its apoptosis[J]. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2022, 46(3): e13866.
[8]. Xu N, Bai Y, Han X, et al. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid reduces astrocytic neuroinflammation and alleviates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice[J]. Immunobiology, 2023, 228(3): 152388.
[9]. Gong Z, Mao W, Ren P, et al. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid ameliorates the Staphylococcus aureus infection-induced acute lung injury through toll-like receptor 2 in mice[J]. International Immunopharmacology, 2024, 142: 113228.