Obesity

Amylin is a 37-residue peptide hormone secreted from pancreatic β-cells that reduces food intake, decreases glucagon secretion, slows gastric emptying, and increases satiety.

C14 Ceramide (d18:1/14:0) is an endogenous sphingolipid molecule produced by ceramide synthase 6.

C18:1 Ceramide (d18:1/18:1(9Z)) is a natural sphingosine-oleic acid sphingamide isoform.

C20 Sphingomyelin is a naturally occurring sphingolipid.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) α, δ, γ are ligand-activated nuclear transcription factors involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis as well as insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism.

Cholecystokinin (CCK) octapeptide is a peptide hormone found in the intestine and brain that stimulates digestion, mediates satiety, and is involved in anxiety.

Deoxycholic acid (cholanoic acid) sodium hydrate，a bile acid, is a by-product of intestinal metabolism, that activates the G protein-coupled bile acid receptorTGR5.

Ghrelin is an endogenous gastrointestinal hormone and neuropeptide that binds to the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptor (GHS-R).

Ghrelin is an endogenous gastrointestinal hormone and neuropeptide that binds to the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptor (GHS-R).

Ghrelin is an endogenous gastrointestinal hormone and neuropeptide that binds to the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptor (GHS-R).

GLP-1 (7-36) amide is a peptide hormone released from intestinal L-cells upon nutrient consumption.

Glucocerebrosides are formed by the tethering of glucose to a ceramide by glucosylceramide synthase.

Glycolithocholic Acid, a conjugate of secondary bile acids and glycine, is an endogenous metabolic product within the body.

Glycolithocholic acid is a glycine conjugate of lithocholic acid, a bile acid.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a ligand-activated transcription factor found predominantly in the liver that is involved in the regulation of lipid homeostasis.

Ghrelin is an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor that stimulates food intake and transduces signals to hypothalamic regulatory nuclei that control energy homeostasis.

Neuromedin S is a neuropeptide expressed in brain.

N-Oleoyl Leucine is a fatty acid–amino acid conjugate (FAAA) that belongs to the family of N-acyl amino acids.

In humans, two forms of diacylglycerol lipase, DAGLα and DAGLβ, generate the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol by attacking DAG at the sn-1 position.

Obestatin is a 23-amino acid peptide hormone that is formed by cleavage of the ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide.

Orlistat degradation product is a degradation product of the digestive lipase inhibitor orlistat.

P053 is an inhibitor of ceramide synthase 1 (CerS1; IC50s = 0.54 and 0.46 μM for human and mouse CerS1, respectively).

Peptide YY (human) (trifluoroacetate salt) is a peptide hormone secreted by intestinal L cells.

Remogliflozin etabonate is a prodrug form of the sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor remogliflozin A.