Citrullinated α-Enolase (R8 + R14) (1-19)-biotin peptide is a biotinylated and citrullinated form of a 19-amino acid N-terminal peptide fragment of α-enolase, a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate.1 α-Enolase also functions as a cell surface receptor for plasminogen on pathogens and activated immune cells, as an oxidative stress protein in endothelial cells, and as a chromatin binding partner to facilitate transcription.2,3,4 α-Enolase is an autoantigen in asthma, Hashimoto's encephalopathy, and rheumatoid arthritis, and has been found in the serum of pediatric patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.5,6,7,8 α-Enolase is also subject to citrullination by peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADs) and citrullinated α-enolase has been found in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients.7 's Citrullinated α-Enolase (R8 + R14) (1-19)-biotin Peptide is intended for use in the detection of autoantibodies against α-enolase citrullinated at R8 and R13.
1.Zhu, X., Miao, X., Wu, Y., et al.ENO1 promotes tumor proliferation and cell adhesion mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) in non-Hodgkin's lymphomasExp. Cell Res.335(2)216-223(2015) 2.Song, Y., Luo, Q., Long, H., et al.Alpha-enolase as a potential cancer prognostic marker promotes cell growth, migration, and invasion in gliomaMol. Cancer1365(2014) 3.Subramanian, A., and Miller, D.M.Structural analysis of α-enolase. Mapping the functional domains involved in down-regulation of the c-myc protooncogeneJ. Biol. Chem.275(8)5958-5965(2000) 4.Hsiao, K.-C., Shih, N.-Y., Fang, H.-L., et al.Surface α-enolase promotes extracellular matrix degradation and tumor metastasis and represents a new therapeutic targetPLoS One8(7)e69354(2013) 5.Nahm, D.-H., Lee, K.-H., Shin, J.-Y., et al.Identification of α-enolase as an autoantigen associated with severe asthmaJ. Allergy Clin. Immunol.118(2)376-381(2006) 6.Moore, T.L., Gillian, B.E., Crespo-Pagnussat, S., et al.Measurement and evaluation of isotypes of anti-citrullinated fibrinogen and anti-citrullinated α-enolase antibodies in juvenile idiopathic arthritisClin. Exp. Rheumatol.32(5)740-746(2014) 7.Yoneda, M., Fujii, A., Ito, A., et al.High prevalence of serum autoantibodies against the amino terminal of α-enolase in Hashimoto's encephalopathyJ. Neuroimmunol.185(1-2)195-200(2007) 8.Cong, Y., Wang, L., Peng, R., et al.Timosaponin AIII induces antiplatelet and antithrombotic activity via Gq-mediated signaling by the thromboxane A2 receptorSci. Rep.638757(2016)