p,p'-DDT

p,p'-DDT is an organochlorine pesticide that induces 94.2% mortality of malaria mosquito (A. quadrimaculatus) fourth-instar larvae and 100% mortality of A. aegypti larvae when used at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.05 ppm, respectively. It increases secretion of estradiol by granulosa and theca cell co-cultures isolated from porcine ovarian follicles when used at concentrations of greater than or equal to 4 ng/ml and increases apoptosis in isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) when used at concentrations ranging from 80 to 150 µg/ml. p,p'-DDT (5 nmol/kg, i.p.) increases tumor growth in a DLD1 colorectal adenocarcinoma nude mouse xenograft model. It induces 100% mortality of C. auratus (goldfish) at 0.25 ppm and is lethal to rats but not hamsters (LD50s = 120 and ~5,000 mg/kg, respectively). p,p'-DDT is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) and is elevated in the sera of pregnant women in malaria-endemic regions of South Africa. Formulations containing p,p'-DDT have been used to control insect populations, including mosquitos, in agriculture and to prevent the spread of malaria and typhus.