ABC294640

Cell experiment:

To determine the effects of the test compounds (e.g., Opaganib (ABC294640)) on proliferation, cells are plated into 96-well microtiter plates and allowed to attach for 24 h. Varying concentrations of Opaganib are added to individual wells and the cells are incubated for an additional 72 h. At the end of this period, the number of viable cells is determined by use of the sulforhodamine-binding assay. The percentage of cells killed is calculated as the percentage decrease in sulforhodamine-binding compare with control cultures. Regression analyses of inhibition curves are performed by use of GraphPad Prism[1].

Animal experiment:

Rats[1] Sprague-Dawley male rats (7-8 weeks old) are orally dosed with 0, 100, or 250 mg of ABC294640•HCl/kg in 0.375% Polysorbate-80 in PBS daily for 7 days. The animals are observed daily for viability, signs of gross toxicity, and behavioral changes, and a battery of detailed observations are performed on study days 1 and 7. Blood is sampled from all animals on day 8 of the study for hematology, clinical biochemistry, and serology assessments, and the animals are sacrificed. Gross necropsies are performed on all study rats, and selected organs and tissues are evaluated in the control and high-dose level groups. Mice[3] Male C57BL/6 (8-9 weeks) mice are gavaged with 50 mg/kg of Opaganib (ABC294640), or an equivalent volume of vehicle (0.375% Tween 80 in phosphate buffered saline, pH 7.1) 1 h before surgery. Under ether anesthesia, ischemia to 70% of the total liver is induced for 1 h. After opening the vascular clamp, the non-ischemic liver lobes are removed, and mice are observed 7 days for survival. Sham operation included equivalent anesthesia and laparotomy without ischemia.

References:

[1]. French KJ, et al. Pharmacology and antitumor activity of ABC294640, a selective inhibitor of sphingosine kinase-2. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Apr;333(1):129-39.
[2]. Beljanski V, et al. Combined anticancer effects of sphingosine kinase inhibitors and sorafenib. Invest New Drugs. 2011 Dec;29(6):1132-42.
[3]. Shi Y, et al. Sphingosine kinase-2 inhibition improves mitochondrial function and survival after hepatic ischemia-reperfusion. J Hepatol. 2012 Jan;56(1):137-45.
[4]. Liu Q, et al. Inhibition of sphingosine kinase-2 suppresses inflammation and attenuates graft injury after liver transplantation in rats. PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e41834.