Caspase

Mitochondrial release of cytochrome c triggers apoptosis via the assembly of a multimeric complex including caspase-9, Apaf-1, and other components, sometimes called the apoptosome.

Nivalenol is a type B trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium that is commonly found in contaminated foods.

YVAD-CHO is an inhibitor of caspase-1/interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE) and a non-acetylated form of Ac-YVAD-CHO.

Z-DEVD-CMK is a protease inhibitor.

Z-VAD(OH)-FMK is an irreversible tripeptide inhibitor of all caspases.

Z-YVAD-CMK is an inhibitor of caspase-1 and caspase-3.

β-BHC is an isomer of the organochlorine pesticide γ-lindane that is a potential impurity found in commercial preparations of lindane.

A neuropeptide with diverse biological activities

An inhibitor of caspase-1, -4, -5, and -11

Caspase-1 and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor

Deltamethrin is a Type II synthetic pyrethroid that is used as an insecticide and acaricide worldwide.

Ac-FLTD-CMK, a gasdermin D (GSDMD)-derived inhibitor, is a specific inflammatory caspases inhibitor.

A triterpenoid saponin with diverse biological activities

SDZ 224-015 is an orally active inhibitor of the interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) converting enzyme and caspase-1.

Pralnacasan (VX-740) is a potent, selective, non-peptide and orally active interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE, caspase 1) inhibitor with a Ki of 1.4 nM.

KEA1-97 is a selective Thioredoxin-caspase 3 interaction disruptor (IC50=10 μM). KEA1-97 disrupts the interaction of thioredoxin with caspase 3, activates caspases, and induces apoptosis without affecting thioredoxin activity.

VRT-043198, the drug metabolite of VX-765 (Belnacasan), is a potent, selective and blood-brain barrier permeable inhibitor of interleukin-converting enzyme/caspase-1 subfamily caspases.

Raptinal, a agent that directly activates caspase-3, initiates intrinsic pathway caspase-dependent apoptosis. Raptinal is able to rapidly induce cancer cell death by directly activating the effector caspase-3, bypassing the activation of initiator caspase-8 and caspase-9.

QM31 (SVT016426), a cytoprotective agent, is a selective inhibitor of Apaf-1. QM31 inhibits the formation of the apoptosome (IC50=7.9μM), the caspase activation complex composed by Apaf-1, cytochrome c, dATP and caspase-9. QM31 exerts mitochondrioprotective functions and interferes with the intra-S-phase DNA damage checkpoint.

δ-Secretase inhibitor 11 (compound 11) is an orally active, potent, BBB-penetrated, non-toxic, selective and specific δ-secretase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.7 μM. δ-Secretase inhibitor 11 interacts with both the active site and allosteric site of δ-secretase. δ-Secretase inhibitor 11 attenuates tau and APP (amyloid precursor protein) cleavage. δ-Secretase inhibitor 11 ameliorates synaptic dysfunction and cognitive impairments in tau P301S and 5XFAD transgenic mouse models. δ-Secretase inhibitor 11 can be used for Alzheimer's disease research.

Z-DEVD-AMC is a selective caspase-3 substrate that can be measured by fluorescence spectrometry. AMC can be used as a fluorescence reference standard for AMC-based enzyme substrates including AMC-based caspase substrates.

Ac-DEVD-CMK (Caspase-3 Inhibitor III) TFA is a selective and irreversible inhibitor of caspase-3. Ac-DEVD-CMK TFA significantly inhibits apoptosis induced by high levels of glucose or 3,20-dibenzoate (IDB; 5). Ac-DEVD-CMK TFA can be used in various experimental methods to inhibit cell apoptosis.