Citations
1 publicationsPublications from researchers using this productDescription
XCT790 is a potent and selective inverse agonist for ERRα with an IC50 value of 0.37μM[1]. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) is a ligand-independent, constitutively active orphan nuclear receptor that, through co-activators like PGC-1α, centrally governs energy metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and tumor progression[2]. XCT790 inhibits ERRα-mediated transcriptional activity by disrupting the interaction between ERRα and its co-activator PGC-1α, and is widely used in studies of metabolic diseases and anti-tumor research[3][4].
In vitro, treatment of HepG2 and multidrug-resistant R-HepG2 cells with XCT790 (0–20μM; 48h) concentration-dependently reduced cell viability, decreased mitochondrial mass by 50%, transiently elevated and then collapsed ΔΨm, quadrupled ROS levels, activated caspases 3/7, 8, and 9, reduced ERR and PGC-1 protein levels, and induced apoptosis in 28.7% of the cells[5]. XCT790(10μM; 24–96h) time-dependently decreases the expression of ERRα, inhibits proliferation, promotes apoptosis in both ERα-positive and -negative endometrial cancer cells[6].
In vivo, XCT790 (2.5mg/kg; i.p.; three times per week for 4 weeks) significantly reduced PaTu8988 xenograft tumor volume by 63% and tumor weight by 62%; when combined with gemcitabine (60mg/kg), XCT790 further downregulated the levels of ERRα, Ki67, and Cyclin D1 while upregulating cleaved-caspase-3 level, inducing G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in BALB/c nude mice[7].
References:
[1] Busch BB, Stevens WC Jr, Martin R, et al. Identification of a selective inverse agonist for the orphan nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor alpha. J Med Chem. 2004;47(23):5593-5596.
[2] Tripathi M, Yen PM, Singh BK. Estrogen-Related Receptor Alpha: An Under-Appreciated Potential Target for the Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(5):1645.
[3] De Luca A, Fiorillo M, Peiris-Pagès M, et al. Mitochondrial biogenesis is required for the anchorage-independent survival and propagation of stem-like cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2015;6(17):14777-14795.
[4] Kokabu T, Mori T, Matsushima H, et al. Antitumor effect of XCT790, an ERRα inverse agonist, on ERα-negative endometrial cancer cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr).
[5] Wu F, Wang J, Wang Y, Kwok TT, Kong SK, Wong C. Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha) inverse agonist XCT-790 induces cell death in chemotherapeutic resistant cancer cells.
[6] Sun P, Mao X, Gao M, et al. Novel endocrine therapeutic strategy in endometrial carcinoma targeting estrogen-related receptor α by XCT790 and siRNA. Cancer Manag Res. 2018;10:2521-2535.
[7] Liu SL, Liang HB, Yang ZY, et al. Gemcitabine and XCT790, an ERRα inverse agonist, display a synergistic anticancer effect in pancreatic cancer. Int J Med Sci. 2022;19(2):286-298.
Protocol
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | HepG2 and R-HepG2 cells |
Preparation Method | HepG2 and R-HepG2 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium with 10% FBS and 100U/ml penicillin–streptomycin. R-HepG2 cells were maintained in culture medium with 1.2μM doxorubicin to keep their MDR properties. All cells were cultured in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO2 at 37℃. Cells were seeded in 96-well plates at a density of 2000 cells per well and treated with different concentrations of XCT790 (0–20μM) for 48h with dimethyl sulfoxide as vehicle control. Cell viability was determined by using CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay kit and recorded by a VeritasTM Microplate luminometer following technical manuals. Each treatment was performed in triplicate wells per experiment. |
Reaction Conditions | 0–20μM; 48h |
Applications | XCT790 concentration-dependently reduced the viability of Hep2 and multidrug-resistant R-HepG2 cells. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | BALB/c nude mice |
Preparation Method | PaTu8988 cells (2×106 per mouse) were introduced into the left axilla of BALB/c nude mice (4-week-old, weight 18-22g) through subcutaneous injection. The next day, the animals were stochastically separated into 2 groups of 5: NC group and XCT790 group. The mice were injected with XCT790 (2.5mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injections 3 times a week for 4 weeks, NC group were subjected to DMSO treatment only. Body weight and tumor volume (1/2×length×width2) of mice were monitored weekly. 8 hours posterior to the final treating, the animals were sacrificed, and the tumors were harvested and weighted for further assays. |
Dosage form | 2.5mg/kg; i.p.; three times per week for 4 weeks |
Applications | XCT790 significantly reduced PaTu8988 xenograft tumor volume by 63% and tumor weight by 62%. |
References: | |
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