Farrerol |
| رقم الكتالوجGC38222 |
Farrerol هو أحد المكونات النشطة بيولوجيًا من Rhododendron ، مع أنشطة واسعة مثل مضادات الأكسدة ، ومضادة للالتهابات ، ومضادة للأورام ، وتأثيرات الحماية من الأعصاب والكبد
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 24211-30-1
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Farrerol is a typical natural flavanone isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Rhododendron dauricum L.Ericaceae with IC50 values of 57μM and 2.7μM for estrogen receptors ERα and ERβ, respectively[1]. Farrerol, possessing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasoactive, antitumor, and antimicrobial properties, is capable of preventing and treating diseases associated with oxidative stress, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and bacterial infections[2][3][4][6].
In vitro, murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells treated with different concentrations of Farrerol (0-20mg/L) for 18h or 24h induced the expression of antioxidant enzymes and increased the expression of HO-1 by activating Nrf2 and reducing the expression of Keap1[2]. Primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) were incubated with Farrerol (4-16μg/ml) for 24h before infecting with S. aureus at a multiplicity of infection of 30 (MOI 30:1 bacteria per cell). All concentrations of Farrerol significantly inhibited S. aureus internalization into bMEC in a dose-dependent manner by downregulating the mRNA expression of tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP) and bovine neutrophil β-defensin 5 (BNBD5), and also suppressing S. aureus induced NF-kB activation in bMEC[3]. Farrerol (0, 40, 80, and 160μM) incubated human ovarian epithelial cancer SKOV3 cells for 24h or 48h decreased the viability of SKOV3 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. Farrerol induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells[4].
In vivo, hepatic injury mice models were administered Farrerol (40mg/kg) i.p. injections two times, 12h and 1h before the injection of Acetaminophen (APAP). Farrerol pretreatment alleviated acute liver failure and maintained the survival rate of mice by activation of both Nrf2-mediated antioxidative cascades and mitochondrial autophagy[5]. Farrerol (10mg/kg/day) injected intraperitoneally into Angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated mice model of myocardial remodeling for 2 days inhibited Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy and reduce heart weight/tibia ratio (HW/TL), inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress, the volume of cardiomyocytes and the proliferation and migration of fibroblast[6]. Mice received intraperitoneal injections of Farrerol (20mg/kg) daily for 8 consecutive days, starting 1 day before the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) operation. Farrerol ameliorated renal injury and fibrosis in the UUO model by inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation[7].
References:
[1] Li Q Y, Chen L, Zhu YH, et al. Involvement of estrogen receptor-β in farrerol inhibition of rat thoracic aorta vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2011 Apr;32(4):433-40.
[2] Ci X X, Lv H M, Wang L D, et al. The antioxidative potential of Farrerolrrerol occurs via the activation of Nrf2 mediated HO-1 signaling in RAW 264.7 cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2015 Sep 5:239:192-9
[3] Yang Z T, Fu Y H, Liu B, et al. Farrerol regulates antimicrobial peptide expression and reduces Staphylococcus aureus internalization into bovine mammary epithelial cells.Microb Pathog. 2013 Dec:65:1-6.
[4] Chae J B, Kim J S, Choi S T, et al. Farrerol Induces Cancer Cell Death via ERK Activation in SKOV3 Cells and Attenuates TNF-α-Mediated Lipolysis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 30;22(17):9400.
[5] Wang L D, Wei W, Xiao Q F, et al. Farrerol Ameliorates APAP-induced Hepatotoxicity via Activation of Nrf2 and Autophagy. Int J Biol Sci. 2019 Jan 29;15(4):788-799.
[6] He J, Xu D Y, Wang L, Yu X H. Farrerol prevents Angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling in vivo and in vitro. Front Pharmacol. 2023 Jan 4:13:1079251.
[7] Kim J Y, Leem J C, Park K K. Antioxidant, Anti-Apoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Farrerol in a Mouse Model of Obstructive Uropathy. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2023 Jan 1;45(1):337-352.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
|
Cell lines |
Human ovarian epithelial cancer SKOV3 cells |
|
Preparation Method |
SKOV3 cells were seeded (2×105 cells/mL) for 24h then treated with Farrerol (0, 40, 80, and 160μM) for 24 or 48h. After incubation, cell viability and cell cycle were analyzed. |
|
Reaction Conditions |
0, 40, 80, and 160μM; 24 or 48h |
|
Applications |
Farrerol reduced G0/G1-phase populations in SKOV3 cells and induced G2/M phase arrest, which suggested a possible mechanism by which the inhibitory effect of Farrerol on cancer cell growth occured. Farrerol caused DNA fragmentation and SKOV3 cell apoptosis by mediating ERK MAPK signaling. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
|
Animal models |
Female B6 mice |
|
Preparation Method |
Mice were randomly divided into the following four groups : vehicle control group (0.5% DMSO), Farrerol only group (40mg/kg, dissolved in 0.5% DMSO), APAP only group (900mg/kg or 400mg/kg) and APAP (900mg/kg or 400mg/kg) + Farrerol (40mg/kg, dissolved in 0.5% DMSO) group. The mice were administered Farrerol (40mg/kg) i.p. injections two times, 12h and 1h before the injection of APAP (900mg/kg). The survival rates of the animals were monitored every 8h for 2 days. In addition, the mice were administered Farrerol (40mg/kg) i.p. injections two times, 12h and 1h before the injection of APAP (400mg/kg). After treatment with APAP (400mg/kg)for 6h, the mice were euthanized, their livers wereharvested and serum was collected. |
|
Dosage form |
40mg/kg; i.p.; two times |
|
Applications |
Farrerol pretreatment alleviated acute liver failure and maintained the survival rate of mice via activation of both Nrf2-mediated antioxidative cascades and mitochondrial autophagy. |
|
References: |
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| Cas No. | 24211-30-1 | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1C[C@@H](C2=CC=C(O)C=C2)OC3=C(C)C(O)=C(C)C(O)=C13 | ||
| Formula | C17H16O5 | M.Wt | 300.31 |
| الذوبان | DMSO: 250 mg/mL (832.47 mM) | Storage | 4°C, protect from light |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
||
| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.3299 mL | 16.6495 mL | 33.2989 mL |
| 5 mM | 666 μL | 3.3299 mL | 6.6598 mL |
| 10 mM | 333 μL | 1.6649 mL | 3.3299 mL |
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
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Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 12 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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