Ubiquitination/ Proteasome

Wogonoside is a naturally occurring flavone glucuronide that inhibits α-glucosidase with an IC 50 value of18.25nM.

Neferine (NEF) is a natural bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid separated from the traditional Chinese medicine Nelumbinis plumula. Neferine has a variety of pharmacological properties.

Ganoderic Acid A is a triterpenoid compound derived from Ganoderma lucidumand exhibits multiple biological activities.

Cepharanthine, a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has potent antiviral activity with the EC 50 values of 0.15μM and 0.026μM for SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1, respectively.

Genipin is a specific UCP2 (uncoupling protein 2) inhibitor extracted from the Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.

Pinocembrin is a flavonoid compound and a competitive histidine decarboxylase (HDC) inhibitor.

Schizandrin B is a kind of natural compounds which isolated from Schisandra chinensis , possesses a variety of pharmacokinetic properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardiacprotection and neuroprotection.

Apigenin (API), or 4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone, is a bioactive flavonoid present in many plants, known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties.

Ginsenoside Rb1 is a natural active ingredient extracted from ginseng that can modulate the activity of multiple signaling pathways.

Oleanolic acid is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid known for its effectiveness in treating hepatitis.

Berberine hydrochloride is a bioactive alkaloid of the isoquinoline class derived from the medicinal plant Coptis chinensis of the Ranunculaceae family, possessing a wide range of pharmacological functions with applications in cancer, inflammation, diabetes, depression, hypertension, and various infections.

Sinomenine Hydrochloride is an inhibitor of NF-κB activation.

Berberine (Natural Yellow 18) is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Huanglian, as an antibiotic. Berberine (Natural Yellow 18) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase.

6-Shogaol, an active substance from ginger, has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-oxidative effects.

Hesperetin is the aglycone form of hesperidin, a citrus bioflavonoid.