U0126-EtOH

U0126-EtOH-EtOH (U0126), as a non-ATP competitive and selective inhibitor, a has potent inhibition on MEK1 and MEK2 with IC50s of 72 nM and 58 nM, respectively.^[1][6]

In vitro experiment it shown that treatment with 10 μM of U0126-EtOH-EtOH decreased the numbers of migration RA-FLSs induced by Sonic Hedgehog signaling. ^[2] In vitro, pretreatment with 50 μM SB203580 (the p38 inhibitor) and 50 μM U0126-EtOH-EtOH (ERK1/2 inhibitor) in the microglial cells obviously brogated the effects of isotalatizidine.^[3] In addition, H9C2 cells pretreated with 10μM U0126-EtOH reduced ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis and autophagy in myocardium and reduced cisplatin-induced renal injury by decreasing inflammation and apoptosis by inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation.^[4] Pretreatment with 10 μM of U0126-EtOH protected PC-12 Cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death independent of MEK inhibition.^[6] Moreover, at 1 μM to 20 μM of U0126-EtOH increased the half-width and decay time of action potential in a dose-dependent manner in primary hippocampal neurons. Bath application of 40 μM U0126-EtOH is more potent than 4-AP and TEA in suppressing maximal firing rate of pyramidal neurons in hippocampal slices.^[5]

In vivo efficacy test it demonstrated that pretreatment with 1mg/kg U0126-EtOH in in STZ-induced diabetic mice improved cardiac function and ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy.^[4] In the acute phase of experimental stroke, 30 mg/kg U0126-EtOH prevent activation of MMP-9, additionly, by adding U0126-EtOH in combination with rt-PA prevent activation of MMP-9 expression leading to BBB leakage and hemorrhagic transformation.^[6]

References:
[1]. Favata MF, et al. Identification of a novel inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase. J Biol Chem. 1998 Jul 17;273(29):18623-32.
[2]. Liu F, et al. Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Mediates Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis via MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway. Front Immunol. 2018 Dec 5;9:2847.
[3]. Shao S, et al. Isotalatizidine, a C19-diterpenoid alkaloid, attenuates chronic neuropathic pain through stimulating ERK/CREB signaling pathway-mediated microglial dynorphin A expression. J Neuroinflammation. 2020 Jan 10;17(1):13.
[4]. Wang T, et al. The MEK inhibitor U0126-EtOH ameliorates diabetic cardiomyopathy by restricting XBP1's phosphorylation dependent SUMOylation. Int J Biol Sci. 2021 Jul 13;17(12):2984-2999.
[5]. Orset C, et al. Combination treatment with U0126-EtOH and rt-PA prevents adverse effects of the delayed rt-PA treatment after acute ischemic stroke. Sci Rep. 2021 Jun 7;11(1):11993.
[6]. Ong Q, et al. U0126-EtOH protects cells against oxidative stress independent of its function as a MEK inhibitor. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2015 Jan 21;6(1):130-7.
[7]. Wang JZ, et al. Potent block of potassium channels by MEK inhibitor U0126-EtOH in primary cultures and brain slices. Sci Rep. 2018 Jun 11;8(1):8808.