CHIR-99021 (CT99021) (Synonyms: CHIR99021, CHIR-99021, CHIR 99021, CT99021,GSK-3 Inhibitor XVI) |
| رقم الكتالوجGC16702 |
مثبط انتقائي لـ GSK3
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 252917-06-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
CHIR-99021 is the most commonly used GSK-3β inhibitor and is considered the standard small-molecule Wnt agonist.CHIR-99021 is a potent inhibitor with high selectivity[[1].
CHIR-99021 led to a marked recovery in cell growth and viability suppressed by CDX2 overexpression. CHIR-99021 restored the protein levels of cyclin D1, c-myc, and β-catenin inhibited by overexpression of CDX2, as well as the cell growth and viability[2].
When the Human Tenon's fibroblasts(HTFs) were treated with TGF-β, a significant increase in the active form of GSK-3β was observed. A significant decrease in the active form of GSK-3β and molecules associated with fibrosis by TGF-β was noted in HTFs treated with CHIR-99021. CHIR-99021 treatment reduced the phosphorylated Smad2/Smad2 and phosphorylated Smad3/Smad3 ratios in HTFs and attenuated HTF migration[3].
The GSK-3 inhibitor CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride (0–10 mg/kg, ip) was injected 45-min prior to self-administration sessions in a counterbalanced design. After completion of the self-administration dose-effect curve, potential locomotor effects of the GSK-3 inhibitor were assessed. CHIR 99021 (10 mg/kg) dose-dependently increased alcohol reinforced responding with no effect on sucrose self-administration or locomotor activity. CHIR 99021 (10 mg/kg) significantly decreased pGSK-3β expression in all brain regions tested, reduced PICK1 and increased GluA2 total expression only in the NAcb.?Signaling through the GSK-3 / PICK1 / GluA2 molecular pathway drives the positive reinforcing effects of the drug, which are required for abuse liability[4].
References:
[1].Law SM, Zheng JJ. Premise and peril of Wnt signaling activation through GSK-3β inhibition. iScience. 2022 Mar 25;25(4):104159.
[2].Yu J, Liu D, et al. CDX2 inhibits the proliferation and tumor formation of colon cancer cells by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling via transactivation of GSK-3β and Axin2 expression. Cell Death Dis. 2019 Jan 10;10(1):26.?
[3].Lee SY, Chae MK, et al. The Effect of CHIR 99021, a Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Inhibitor, on Transforming Growth Factor β-Induced Tenon Fibrosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2021 Dec 1;62(15):25.
[4].Faccidomo S, Holstein SE, et al. Pharmacological inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 increases operant alcohol self-administration in a manner associated with altered pGSK-3β, protein interacting with C kinase and GluA2 protein expression in the reward pathway of male C57BL/6J mice. Behav Pharmacol. 2020 Feb;31(1):15-26.?
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
|
Cell lines |
Human Tenon's fibroblasts |
|
Preparation Method |
Human Tenon's fibroblasts (HTFs) were pretreated with CHIR-99021, followed by treatment with 5 ng/mL of TGF-β for 30 minutes. For a quantitative evaluation of the level of gene transcription, quantitative real-time PCR was performed. |
|
Reaction Conditions |
5, 10 µM CHIR-99021 for 48h. |
|
Applications |
When HTFs were treated with 5 µM of CHIR 99021, with or without the addition of 5 ng/mL of TGF-b, there was a significant decrease in the production of the active form of GSK-3b, fibronectin, collagen Ia, and a-SMA.CHIR-99021 treatment attenuated the effects of TGF-b treatment, which had led to a significant increase in the phosphorylated Smad2/Smad2 and phosphorylated Smad3/Smad3 ratios. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
|
Animal models |
C57BL/6J mice |
|
Preparation Method |
The acquisition of operant alcohol and sucrose self-administration was established. Next, the selective GSK-3 inhibitor CHIR-99021 was injected 45 min prior to the start of the self-administration session. A maximum of 2 drug injections per week were conducted to ensure that responding returned to baseline after drug administration. |
|
Dosage form |
CHIR-99021 0, 1, 3, or 10 mg/kg, i.p. injection |
|
Applications |
CHIR-99021 (10 mg/kg) significantly increased the rate of alcohol-reinforced responding as compared to vehicle and that this effect emerged during and persisted throughout the second half of the 1-h session. The lower doses of CHIR 99021 did not alter alcohol reinforced response rate at any point throughout the session. |
|
References: [1]. Lee SY, Chae MK, et al. The Effect of CHIR 99021, a Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Inhibitor, on Transforming Growth Factor β-Induced Tenon Fibrosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2021 Dec 1;62(15):25. [2]. Faccidomo S, Holstein SE, et al. Pharmacological inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 increases operant alcohol self-administration in a manner associated with altered pGSK-3β, protein interacting with C kinase and GluA2 protein expression in the reward pathway of male C57BL/6J mice. Behav Pharmacol. 2020 Feb;31(1):15-26. |
|
| Cas No. | 252917-06-9 | SDF | |
| المرادفات | CHIR99021, CHIR-99021, CHIR 99021, CT99021,GSK-3 Inhibitor XVI | ||
| Chemical Name | 6-((2-((4-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)ethyl)amino)nicotinonitrile | ||
| Canonical SMILES | N#CC1=CC=C(NCCNC2=NC=C(C3=NC=C(C)N3)C(C4=CC=C(Cl)C=C4Cl)=N2)N=C1 | ||
| Formula | C22H18Cl2N8 | M.Wt | 465.34 |
| الذوبان | ≥ 23.3mg/mL in DMSO | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
||
| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.149 mL | 10.7448 mL | 21.4897 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4298 mL | 2.149 mL | 4.2979 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2149 mL | 1.0745 mL | 2.149 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 30 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
GLPBIO products are for RESEARCH USE ONLY. Please make sure your review or question is research based.
Required fields are marked with *