Deoxycholic Acid-d4 (Synonyms: Cholanoic acid-d4, DCA-d4)

Deoxycholic acid-d₄ (DCA-d₄) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of DCA by GC- or LC-MS. DCA is a secondary bile acid that is formed via microbial transformation of cholic acid in the colon.¹ It can be conjugated to glycine or taurine to produce glycodeoxycholic acid or taurodeoxycholic acid , respectively, in hepatocytes.^1,2,3 DCA (0.2% v/v) inhibits spore germination induced by taurocholic acid in seven C. difficile strains, as well as inhibits growth and decreases the cytotoxicity of C. difficile culture supernatants to Vero cells when used at a concentration of 0.02% v/v.¹ It inhibits ionizing radiation-induced p53-dependent transcription in a reporter assay using HCT116 cells when used at a concentration of 200 µM.⁴ Fecal and intestinal tissue levels of DCA are increased in a rat model of high-fat diet-induced obesity compared with rats fed a normal diet.⁵ Increased serum DCA levels have been found in patients with colorectal cancer.⁶

1.Thanissery, R., Winston, J.A., and Theriot, C.M.Inhibition of spore germination, growth, and toxin activity of clinically relevant C. difficile strains by gut microbiota derived secondary bile acidsAnaerobe4586-100(2017) 2.Schmid, A., Neumann, H., Karrasch, T., et al.Bile acid metabolome after an oral lipid tolerance test by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)PLoS One11(2)e0148869(2016) 3.šarenac, T.M., and Mikov, M.Bile acid synthesis: From nature to the chemical modification and synthesis and their applications as drugs and nutrientsFront. Pharmacol.9939(2018) 4.Qiao, D., Gaitonde, S.V., Qi, W., et al.Deoxycholic acid suppresses p53 by stimulating proteasome-mediated p53 protein degradationCarcinogenesis22(6)957-964(2001) 5.Lin, H., An, Y., Tang, H., et al.Alterations of bile acids and gut microbiota in obesity induced by high fat diet in rat modelJ. Agric. Food Chem.67(13)3624-3632(2019) 6.BayerdÖrffer, E., Mannes, G.A., Richter, W.O., et al.Increased serum deoxycholic acid levels in men with colorectal adenomasGastroenterology104(1)145-151(1993)