Isolithocholic Acid (Synonyms: Isolithocholate, iso-LCA)

Isolithocholic acid is a bile acid that is formed via microbial metabolism of lithocholic acid or lithocholic acid 3α-sulfate .^1,2 Isolithocholic acid (0.01%) inhibits spore germination induced by taurocholic acid in the C. difficile strains CD196, M68, BI9, and 630, as well as inhibits growth and decreases the cytotoxicity of C. difficile culture supernatants to Vero cells when used at a concentration of 0.0003%.³ Fecal levels of isolithocholic acid are decreased in a rat model of high-fat diet-induced obesity compared with rats fed a normal diet.⁴

1.Batta, A.K., Salen, G., and Shefer, S.Transformation of bile acids into iso-bile acids by Clostridium perfringes: Possible transport of 3β-hydrogen via the coenzymeHepatology5(6)1126-1131(1985) 2.Borriello, S.P., and Owen, R.W.The metabolism of lithocholic acid and lithocholic acid-3-α-sulfate by human fecal bacteriaLipids17(7)477-482(1982) 3.Thanissery, R., Winston, J.A., and Theriot, C.M.Inhibition of spore germination, growth, and toxin activity of clinically relevant C. difficile strains by gut microbiota derived secondary bile acidsAnaerobe4586-100(2017) 4.Lin, H., An, Y., Tang, H., et al.Alterations of bile acids and gut microbiota in obesity induced by high fat diet in rat modelJ. Agric. Food Chem.67(13)3624-3632(2019)