Galanin (2-11) amide (human, mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, ovine) (trifluoroacetate salt) (Synonyms: AR-M1896, Gal(2-11)-NH2, WTLNSAGYLL-NH2)

Galanin (2-11) amide is a synthetic peptide fragment of the neuropeptide galanin and an agonist of the galanin-2 (GAL₂) receptor (EC₅₀ = 9.32 nM in a fluorescence imaging plate reader assay).¹ It selectively binds to the GAL₂ receptor (IC₅₀ = 1.76 nM for the rat receptor) over the GAL₁ receptor (IC₅₀ = 879 nM for the human receptor) but does also bind to the GAL₃ receptor (K_i = 271 nM for the rat receptor).^1,2 Intracerebroventricular administration of galanin (2-11) amide (1 nmol/animal) decreases immobility in the forced swim test in rats.³ It also reduces the hind paw mechanical pain threshold and increases the hind paw cold sensitivity threshold in rats.¹

1.Liu, H.-X., Brumovsky, P., Schmidt, R., et al.Receptor subtype-specific pronociceptive and analgesic actions of galanin in the spinal cord: Selective actions via GalR1 and GalR2 receptorsProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA98(17)9960-9964(2001) 2.Lu, X., LundstrÖm, L., and Bartfai, T.Galanin (2-11) binds to GalR3 in transfected cell lines: Limitations for pharmacological definition of receptor subtypesNeuropeptides39(3)165-167(2005) 3.Kuteeva, E., Wardi, T., LundstrÖm, L., et al.Differential role of galanin receptors in the regulation of depression-like behavior and monoamine/stress-related genes at the cell body levelNeuropsychopharmacology33(11)2573-2585(2008)