Adenosine Dialdehyde (ADOX) is an adenosine analog, acts as an inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH)[1]. SAHH is an enzyme that regulates cellular methylation process, resulting in broad inhibition of methylation reactions. Adenosine Dialdehyde as an SAHH inhibitor, can effectively arrest the cell cycle at the G2 phase and induce apoptosis in HeLa, HCT116 cells[1]. Adenosine Dialdehyde is a potent anti-cancer drug with broad inhibiting proliferative effects and anti-invasive and anti-migratory properties[1].
In vitro, Adenosine Dialdehyde (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100μM; 72h) significantly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, H292 cells in a dose dependent manner[2].
In vivo, Adenosine Dialdehyde (1.5-2.5mg/kg; 7d; s.c.) significantly increased the mean life span of A/J mice bearing C1300 murine neuroblastoma tumor[3]. Adenosine Dialdehyde (10μmol/kg; 32d; q1w; i.p.) suppressed prostate cancer growth in NCr-nu/nu mice inoculated with LNCaP cells[4].
References:[1] Nguyen T T, Hemmer J, Kiemer A K, et al. Biodynamers as prodrugs with controlled uptake and activity [J]. Journal of controlled release, 2026, 390: 114538.
[2] Ghemrawi R, Al Qassem A, Ramadan A, et al. DNA and protein methyltransferases inhibition by adenosine dialdehyde reduces the proliferation and migration of breast and lung cancer cells by downregulating autophagy [J]. PLoS One, 2023, 18(7): e0288791.
[3] Bostrom B, Hogenkamp H P, Mirkin B L. Inhibitory effect of adenosine dialdehyde on in situ murine neuroblastoma growth [J]. Cancer Research, 1988, 48(21): 5933-5936.
[4] Shiota M, Takeuchi A, Yokomizo A, et al. Methyltransferase inhibitor adenosine dialdehyde suppresses androgen receptor expression and prostate cancer growth [J]. The Journal of urology, 2012, 188(1): 300-306.