2-keto-D-Glucose (Synonyms: D-Glucosone)

2-keto-D-Glucose has been used as a building block in the synthesis of carbohydrates.[1]  It is an intermediate in the conversion of D-glucose into D-fructose that was originally isolated from a variety of fungi, algae, and shellfish.[2] It has slow-onset, long-lasting antioxidant properties in an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) assay. [3] 2-keto-D-Glucose has also been found as a glucose degradation product in heat-sterilized peritoneal dialysis fluids.[4]

Reference:
[1]. Huwig, A., Danneel, H.-J., and Giffhorn, F. Laboratory procedures for producing 2-keto-D-glucose, 2-keto-D-xylose and 5-keto-D-fructose from D-glucose, D-xylose and L-sorbose with immobilized pyranose oxidase of Peniophora gigantea. J. Biotechnol. 32(3), 309-315 (1994).
[2]. Liu, T.E., Wolf, B., Geigert, J., et al. Convenient, laboratory procedure for producing solid D-arabino-hexos-2-ulose (D-glucosone). Carb. Res. 113(1), 151-157 (1983).
[3]. Kanzler, C., Haase, P.T., and Kroh, L.W. Antioxidant capacity of 1-deoxy-D-erythro-hexo-2,3-diulose and D-arabino-hexo-2-ulose. J. Agric. Food Chem. 62(13), 2837-2844 (2014).
[4]. Mittelmaier, S., Fünfrocken, M., Fenn, D., et al. Identification and quantification of the glucose degradation product glucosone in peritoneal dialysis fluids by HPLC/DAD/MSMS. J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci. 878(11-12), 877-882 (2010).