Valinomycin (Synonyms: NSC 122023) |
Catalog No.GC16948
One-Click Copy Product Info
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Valinomycin은 몇 가지 스트레프토마이세스 세균에서 얻은 12펩타이드 항생제이다.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 2001-95-8
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
Valinomycin은 몇 가지 스트레프토마이세스 세균에서 얻은 12펩타이드 항생제이다. Valinomycin은 칼륨 특이 수송체로서 칼륨 이온을 지방막을 통해 이동시키는 기능을 한다. 과도한 K+ 배출은 세포 사멸을 기저로 하는 이온 메커니즘이다. 그것은 역극화를 유도하기 위해 결합제로 사용될 수 있다[1-3].
Valinomycin (1-100 µM; 12-24 시간) 처리된 CHO 세포는 칼륨 배출로 인해 세포 자살 사건을 겪었다[4]. Valinomycin (2 nM)은 에너지 의존적인 미토콘드리아 부풀림, 세포색소 c 방출, 사이토플라즈마 NADH/세포색소 c 산화 및 세포 자살을 유도했다[5]. Valinomycin (100 µM)에 의해 유도된 쥐 신경 모세포암 세포의 신경섬유 형성 및 막 변화 있다[6].
Valinomycin을 디미리스테인 포스팰타이디 콜린: 콜레스테롤: 포스팰타이디 셀린 (10:4:1 M 비율)으로 구성된 멀티레이어 립소마에 첨가하면 쥐에서 항암 효과를 유지하면서 독성을 현저하게 낮출 수 있다. 립소마에 첨가된 Valinomycin (MVL-VM)의 LD50는 50 mg/kg를 초과한다[7].
References:
[1]. Varma S, Sabo D, ,et,al. K+/Na+ selectivity in K channels and valinomycin: over-coordination versus cavity-size constraints. J Mol Biol. 2008 Feb 8;376(1):13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.11.059. Epub 2007 Nov 28. PMID: 18155244; PMCID: PMC2390915.
[2]. Daniele RP, Holian SK. A potassium ionophore (valinomycin) inhibits lymphocyte proliferation by its effects on the cell membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Oct;73(10):3599-602. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.10.3599. PMID: 1068473; PMCID: PMC431165.
[3]. Berezin SK. Valinomycin as a Classical Anionophore: Mechanism and Ion Selectivity. J Membr Biol. 2015 Aug;248(4):713-26. doi: 10.1007/s00232-015-9784-y. Epub 2015 Mar 4. PMID: 25736817.
[4]. Abdalah R, Wei L, ,et,al. Valinomycin-induced apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Neurosci Lett. 2006 Sep 11;405(1-2):68-73. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.06.055. Epub 2006 Jul 20. PMID: 16857314.
[5]. Lofrumento DD, La Piana G, ,et,al. Valinomycin induced energy-dependent mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome c release, cytosolic NADH/cytochrome c oxidation and apoptosis. Apoptosis. 2011 Oct;16(10):1004-13. doi: 10.1007/s10495-011-0628-7. PMID: 21739274.
[6]. Koike T. Neurite formation and membrane changes of mouse neurobalstoma cells induced by valinomycin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Jun 2;509(3):429-39. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(78)90237-7. PMID: 656419.
[7]. Daoud SS, Juliano RL. Reduced toxicity and enhanced antitumor effects in mice of the ionophoric drug valinomycin when incorporated in liposomes. Cancer Res. 1986 Nov;46(11):5518-23. PMID: 3756900.
| 세포 실험 [1]: | |
세포 라인 | CHO세포 |
제조 방법 | Valinomycin은 배양액에 추가됩니다. |
반응 조건 | 1-100μM;12-24 시간 동안 |
응용 분야 | 100 μM Valinomycin은 각각 12시간과 24시간에 77%와 86%의 세포 사망을 유발했습니다. |
참고문헌: [1]. Abdalah R, Wei L,et,al. Valinomycin-induced apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Neurosci Lett. 2006 Sep 11;405(1-2):68-73. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2006.06.055. Epub 2006 Jul 20. PMID: 16857314. | |
| Cas No. | 2001-95-8 | SDF | |
| Synonyms | NSC 122023 | ||
| Chemical Name | (3S,6R,9R,12S,15S,18S,21R,24R,27R,30R,33R,36S)-3,6,9,15,18,21,27,30,33-nonaisopropyl-12,24,36-trimethyl-1,7,13,19,25,31-hexaoxa-4,10,16,22,28,34-hexaazacyclohexatriacontane-2,5,8,11,14,17,20,23,26,29,32,35-dodecaone | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C([C@@H](C(C)C)OC([C@@H](C(C)C)NC1=O)=O)N[C@@H](C(O[C@H](C)C(N[C@@H](C(O[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(O[C@@H](C)C(N[C@@H](C(O[C@@H](C(N[C@H](C(O[C@H]1C)=O)C(C)C)=O)C(C)C)=O)C(C)C)=O)=O)C(C)C)=O)C(C)C)=O)C(C)C)=O)=O)C(C)C | ||
| Formula | C54H90N6O18 | M.Wt | 1111.32 |
| Solubility | DMF: 30 mg/ml,DMSO: 5 mg/ml,Ethanol: 10 mg/ml | Storage | Store at -20°C,protect from light |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 899.8 μL | 4.4992 mL | 8.9983 mL |
| 5 mM | 180 μL | 899.8 μL | 1.7997 mL |
| 10 mM | 90 μL | 449.9 μL | 899.8 μL |
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Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00% Appearance: A solid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 28 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)