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Proteases

Proteases - Signaling Pathways | GlpBio

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Proteases is a general term for a class of enzymes that hydrolyze protein peptide chains. According to the way they degrade polypeptides, they are divided into two categories: endopeptidases and telopeptidases. The former can cut the large molecular weight polypeptide chain from the middle to form prions and peptones with smaller molecular weights; the latter can be divided into carboxypeptidase and aminopeptidase, which respectively remove the peptide from the free carboxyl terminus or free amino terminus of the polypeptide one by one. Chain hydrolysis produces amino acids.

A general term for a class of enzymes that hydrolyze peptide bonds in proteins. According to the way they hydrolyze polypeptides, they can be divided into endopeptidases and exopeptidases. Endopeptidase cleaves the interior of the protein molecule to form smaller molecular weight peptones and peptones. Exopeptidase hydrolyzes peptide bonds one by one from the end of the free amino group or carboxyl group of protein molecules, and frees amino acids, the former is aminopeptidase and the latter is carboxypeptidase. Proteases can be classified into serine proteases, sulfhydryl proteases, metalloproteases and aspartic proteases according to their active centers and optimum pH. According to the optimum pH value of its reaction, it is divided into acidic protease, neutral protease and alkaline protease. The proteases used in industrial production are mainly endopeptidases.

Proteases are widely found in animal offal, plant stems and leaves, fruits and microorganisms. Microbial proteases are mainly produced by molds and bacteria, followed by yeast and actinomycetes.

Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of proteins. There are many kinds, the important ones are pepsin, trypsin, cathepsin, papain and subtilisin. Proteases have strict selectivity for the reaction substrates they act on. A protease can only act on certain peptide bonds in protein molecules, such as the peptide bonds formed by the hydrolysis of basic amino acids catalyzed by trypsin. Proteases are widely distributed, mainly in the digestive tract of humans and animals, and are abundant in plants and microorganisms. Due to limited animal and plant resources, the industrial production of protease preparations is mainly prepared by fermentation of microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus terrestris.

Research Areas

Products Related to Proteases(4533)

  • GC81674 structure
    GC81674MKI-3
    CAS: 3084702-28-0
    Purity: >98%

    MKI-3 is a selective microtubule-associated serine/threonine kinase-like ( MASTL ) inhibitor with an IC 50 of 5.72 nM and a K d of 1.89 nM.

  • GC81682 structure
    GC81682Sialorphin TFA
    Purity: >97.00%

    Sialorphin TFA is a neutral endopeptidase ( NEP ) and aminopeptidase N ( APN ) inhibitor that responds to androgen signals.

  • GC81683 structure
    GC81683AM9053
    CAS: 157469-21-1
    Purity: >98.00%

    AM9053 is a selective, effective and slowly reversible inhibitor of N-acyl ethanolamine acid amidease ( NAAA ) ( IC 50 = 30 nM).

  • GC81695 structure
    GC81695DIM-3,5-Cl2
    CAS: 2595179-74-9
    Purity: >99.00%

    DIM-3,5-Cl2 is an inverse NR4A1/NR4A2 agonist with K D values of 7.7 μM and 12.0 μM for NR4A1 and NR4A2, respectively.

  • GC81698 structure
    GC81698FB231
    CAS: 2166045-37-8
    Purity: >99.00%

    FB231 is a Parkin activator.

  • GC81754 structure
    GC81754(E)-FOBISIN101
    CAS: 1370281-06-3
    Purity: >95.50%

    (E)-FOBISIN101 is a 14-3-3 protein-protein interaction ( 14-3-3 protein-protein interaction ) inhibitor, with IC 50 values of 9.3 and 16.4 μM for disrupting the binding of 14-3-3ζ or 14-3-3γ to PRAS40, respectively.

  • GC81761 structure
    GC817614-Methoxycinnamic acid ethyl ester
    CAS: 1929-30-2
    Purity: >98.50%

    4-Methoxycinnamic acid ethyl ester (Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate) is an orally active natural compound found.

  • GC81771 structure
    GC81771RANKL-IN-1 formate
    Purity: >99.50%

    RANKL-IN-1 formate is a selective receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand inhibitor ligand ( RANKL ) inhibitor with a K D value of 7.6 μM.

  • GC81772 structure
    GC81772Epibestatin hydrochloride
    CAS: 100992-60-7
    Purity: >98.00%

    Epibestatin hydrochloride is an epimer of Bestatin, a DPP4 inhibitor and protease inhibitor, with an IC 50 of 17 μM against DPP4.

  • GC81817 structure
    GC818171-Phenylethanamine-d₃ hydrochloride
    Purity: >98.00%

    1-Phenylethanamine-d 3 hydrochloride is the deuterated-labeled 1-Phenylethanamine hydrochloride.

  • GC81818 structure
    GC8181811β,13-Dihydrolactucopicrin
    CAS: 125519-47-3
    Purity: >98%

    11β,13-Dihydrolactucopicrin is a sesquiterpene lactone and the main bitter component of chicory root.

  • GC81827 structure
    GC81827Buforin IIb TFA
    Purity: >98.00%

    Buforin IIb TFA (BF2-B TFA) is an anticancer peptide, as well as an Antibacterial and Antifungal agent.

  • GC81833 structure
    GC81833Ethylmalonyl-CoA pentalithium
    Purity: >98.00%

    Ethylmalonyl-CoA pentalithium (Ethylmalonyl coenzyme A pentalithium) is a metabolic intermediate and biosynthetic precursor associated with crotonyl-CoA carboxylase/reductase.

  • GC81839 structure
    GC81839Idescarpin
    CAS: 188557-53-1
    Purity: >93.00%

    Idescarpin is a phenolic glycoside compound isolated from Idesia polycarpa and exhibits an extremely bitter taste.

  • GC81844 structure
    GC81844N-Methyl pemetrexed disodium
    Purity: >98.00%

    N-Methyl pemetrexed disodium is an impurity of Pemetrexed.

  • GC81846 structure
    GC81846Nivitol
    CAS: 869743-37-3
    Purity: >98.00%

    Nivitol (UP302) is a natural phenolic compound discovered from Dianella ensifolia and also acts as a Tyrosinase inhibitor.

  • GC81848 structure
    GC81848Noratropine
    CAS: 16839-98-8
    Purity: >98.00%

    Noratropine is a major metabolite of Atropine.

  • GC81868 structure
    GC81868Acetyl-pepstatin ammonium
    Purity: >98.00%

    Acetyl-pepstatin ammonium is an aspartic protease ( PRs ) inhibitor that targets HIV-1 protease and XMRV protease with K i values of 13 nM and 712 nM, respectively.

  • GC81873 structure
    GC81873Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride
    CAS: 86483-48-9
    Purity: >98.00%

    Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (Bay-09867 hydrochloride) is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent.

  • GC81879 structure
    GC81879NCP26 TFA
    Purity: >99.50%

    NCP26 TFA is an ATP-competitive ProRS inhibitor (with a K D of 271 nM in the absence of proline, and a K D of 0.35 nM in the presence of 100 μM proline).

  • GC81895 structure
    GC81895RB 101 hydrochloride
    Purity: >98.00%

    RB 101 hydrochloride is a blood-brain barrier-crossing prodrug as well as aminopeptidase N and neutral endopeptidase-24.11 inhibitor.

  • GC90077 structure
    GC90077Furin Inhibitor I (trifluoroacetate salt)
    Purity: >95.00%

    A proprotein convertase inhibitor

  • GC90194 structure
    GC90194Ethyl-β-D-Glucuronide-d5
    CAS: 1135070-98-2
    Purity: >99.00%

    An internal standard for the quantification of ethyl-β-D-glucuronide

  • GC90472 structure
    GC90472Cyano-myracrylamide
    CAS: 2801702-34-9
    Purity: >98.00%

    A zDHHC20 inhibitor