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Proteases

Proteases - Signaling Pathways | GlpBio

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Proteases is a general term for a class of enzymes that hydrolyze protein peptide chains. According to the way they degrade polypeptides, they are divided into two categories: endopeptidases and telopeptidases. The former can cut the large molecular weight polypeptide chain from the middle to form prions and peptones with smaller molecular weights; the latter can be divided into carboxypeptidase and aminopeptidase, which respectively remove the peptide from the free carboxyl terminus or free amino terminus of the polypeptide one by one. Chain hydrolysis produces amino acids.

A general term for a class of enzymes that hydrolyze peptide bonds in proteins. According to the way they hydrolyze polypeptides, they can be divided into endopeptidases and exopeptidases. Endopeptidase cleaves the interior of the protein molecule to form smaller molecular weight peptones and peptones. Exopeptidase hydrolyzes peptide bonds one by one from the end of the free amino group or carboxyl group of protein molecules, and frees amino acids, the former is aminopeptidase and the latter is carboxypeptidase. Proteases can be classified into serine proteases, sulfhydryl proteases, metalloproteases and aspartic proteases according to their active centers and optimum pH. According to the optimum pH value of its reaction, it is divided into acidic protease, neutral protease and alkaline protease. The proteases used in industrial production are mainly endopeptidases.

Proteases are widely found in animal offal, plant stems and leaves, fruits and microorganisms. Microbial proteases are mainly produced by molds and bacteria, followed by yeast and actinomycetes.

Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of proteins. There are many kinds, the important ones are pepsin, trypsin, cathepsin, papain and subtilisin. Proteases have strict selectivity for the reaction substrates they act on. A protease can only act on certain peptide bonds in protein molecules, such as the peptide bonds formed by the hydrolysis of basic amino acids catalyzed by trypsin. Proteases are widely distributed, mainly in the digestive tract of humans and animals, and are abundant in plants and microorganisms. Due to limited animal and plant resources, the industrial production of protease preparations is mainly prepared by fermentation of microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus terrestris.

Research Areas

Products Related to Proteases(4878)

  • GC70185 structure
    GC70185β-Sitostenone
    CAS: 1058-61-3
    Purity: >98.00%

    Beta-sitostenone is a sterol isolated from Cochlospermum vitifolium. It can inhibit the activity of tyrosinase and has anti-melanogenesis and anti-tumor activities.

  • GC70201 structure
    GC70201FN-439 TFA
    Purity: >99.00%

    FN-439 TFA is a selective collagenase-1 inhibitor.

  • GC70209 structure
    GC70209Didesethyl chloroquine-d4
    CAS: 1215797-41-3

    Didesethyl chloroquine-d4 is the deuterium labeled Didesethyl chloroquine.

  • GC70217 structure
    GC70217DL-Homocysteine thiolactone-d4 hydrochloride
    CAS: 1219805-31-8
    Purity: >99.00%

    DL-Homocysteine thiolactone-d4 hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled DL-Homocysteine thiolactone (hydrochloride).

  • GC70221 structure
    GC70221Dabigatran-d4
    CAS: 1618637-32-3

    Dabigatran-d4 is deuterium labeled Dabigatran.

  • GC70222 structure
    GC70222cPrPMEDAP
    CAS: 182798-83-0
    Purity: >99.00%

    cPrPMEDAP is an intermediate metabolite of GS-9219.

  • GC70245 structure
    GC70245CP-113818
    CAS: 135025-12-6
    Purity: >99.00%

    CP-113818 is a potent cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor.

  • GC70263 structure
    GC70263Tebufelone
    CAS: 112018-00-5
    Purity: >99.00%

    Tebufelone (NE-11740), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is a selective dual COX-2/5-lipoxygenase inhibitor.

  • GC70267 structure
    GC70267Fosfructose-13C6 tetrasodium hydrate
    Purity: >99.00%

    Fosfructose-13C6 (tetrasodium hydrate) is the 13C labeled Fosfructose .

  • GC70272 structure
    GC70272Alacepril
    CAS: 74258-86-9
    Purity: >98.00%

    Alacepril (Cetapril) is an orally active angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with long lasting antihypertensive effect.

  • GC70282 structure
    GC70282Chorionic gonadotrophin
    CAS: 9002-61-3

    Chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is a gonadotropin that can be isolated from the anterior pituitary gland.

  • GC70289 structure
    GC70289AC-VEID-CHO TFA
    Purity: >98.00%

    AC-VEID-CHO (TFA) is a peptide-derived caspase inhibitor and has potency of inhibition for Caspase-6, Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 with IC50 values of 16.2 nM, 13.6 nM and 162.1 nM, respectively.

  • GC70301 structure
    GC70301Rasburicase
    CAS: 134774-45-1
    Purity: >95.00%

    Rasburicase is a recombinant urate oxidase and a hyperuricemia inhibitor.

  • GC70325 structure
    GC70325p-Cresol sulfate-d7 potassium
    CAS: 2469278-96-2
    Purity: >98.00%

    p-Cresol sulfate-d7 (potassium) is the deuterium labeled p-Cresyl sulfate potassium. p-Methylphenyl potassium sulfate is a prototype protein-bound uremic toxin.

  • GC70344 structure
    GC70344Acetoacetic acid lithium
    CAS: 3483-11-2
    Purity: >98.00%

    Acetoacetic acid lithium is an endogenous metabolite.

  • GC70347 structure
    GC70347PF-06815345 hydrochloride
    CAS: 2334434-49-8
    Purity: >98.00%

    PF-06815345 hydrochloride is an orally active and potent inhibitor of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) with an IC50 value of 13.4 μM.

  • GC70352 structure
    GC70352Glutarylcarnitine lithium
    Purity: >99.00%

    Glutarylcarnitine lithium is the diagnostic metabolite for malonic aciduria and glutaric aciduria type I monitored in most tandem mass spectrometry newborn screening programmes.

  • GC70353 structure
    GC70353Farnesyl Pyrophosphate ammonium
    CAS: 116057-57-9
    Purity: >95.00%

    Farnesyl pyrophosphate ammonium salt, a 15-carbon isoprenoid, is a metabolic intermediate of the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Farnesyl pyrophosphate ammonium salt is a TRPM2 (TRP Channel) agonist, and activates TRPM2 opening for ion influx.

  • GC70355 structure
    GC70355Thiamine pyrophosphate-d3
    CAS: 2483831-79-2

    Thiamine pyrophosphate-d3 is the deuterium labeled Thiamine pyrophosphate.

  • GC70357 structure
    GC70357Indolelactic acid-d5
    CAS: 2470130-19-7
    Purity: >98.00%

    Indolelactic acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled Indolelactic acid.

  • GC70361 structure
    GC703612-Methoxyestrone-d4
    CAS: 949885-90-9
    Purity: >98.00%

    2-Methoxyestrone-d4 is the deuterium labeled 2-Methoxyestrone.

  • GC70364 structure
    GC70364Aldosterone-d7
    Purity: >99.50%

    Aldosterone-d7 is the deuterium labeled Aldosterone.

  • GC70365 structure
    GC70365L-Xylulose
    CAS: 527-50-4

    L-Xylulose is an endogenous metabolite present in Blood, Cerebrospinal_Fluid and Urine that can be used for the research of Ribose 5 Phosphate Isomerase Deficiency.

  • GC70366 structure
    GC70366Coproporphyrin I
    CAS: 531-14-6

    Coproporphyrin I is an endogenous metabolite present in Urine and Blood that can be used for the research of Liver Disease and Porphyria.