Citrullinated Vimentin (G146R) (R144 + R146) (139-159)-biotin Peptide (Synonyms: Biotin-GQGKS(Cit)L(Cit)DLYEEEMRELRRQ, Biotin-GQGKSXLXDLYEEEMRELRRQ (X=Citrulline), Citrullinated VIM (G146R) (R144 + R146)-biotin)

Citrullinated vimentin (G146R) (R144 + R146) (139-159)-biotin peptide is a biotinylated version of a di-citrullinated form of a mutant isoform of the cytoskeleton intermediate filament protein vimentin, vimentin^G146R, which has been found in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.¹ Vimentin is subject to citrullination by peptidyl arginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) under high calcium concentrations, which can occur during macrophage apoptosis.^2,3 Serum levels of immune complexes targeting citrullinated vimentin are increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and positive for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs).⁴ Serum and plasma levels of citrullinated vimentin are also increased in patients with lung cancer or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, respectively.^5,6 's Citrullinated Vimentin (G146R) (R144 + R146) (139-159)-biotin Peptide is intended for use in the detection of autoantibodies against vimentin^G146R citrullinated at R144 and R146.

1.Bang, H., Egerer, K., Gauliard, A., et al.Mutation and citrullination modifies vimentin to a novel autoantigen for rheumatoid arthritisArthritis Rheum.56(8)2503-2511(2007) 2.Li, F.J., Surolia, R., Li, H., et al.Citrullinated vimentin mediates development and progression of lung fibrosisSci. Transl. Med.13(585)eaba2927(2021) 3.Asaga, H., Yamada, M., and Senshu, T.Selective deimination of vimentin in calcium ionophore-induced apoptosis of mouse peritoneal macrophagesBiochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.243(3)641-646(1998) 4.Van Steendam, K., Tilleman, K., De Ceuleneer, M., et al.Citrullinated vimentin as an important antigen in immune complexes from synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis patients with antibodies against citrullinated proteinsArthritis Res. Ther.12(4)R132(2010) 5.Willumsen, N., Bager, C.L., Leeming, D.J., et al.Serum biomarkers reflecting specific tumor tissue remodeling processes are valuable diagnostic tools for lung cancerCan. Med.3(5)1136-1145(2014) 6.Li, F.J., Surolia, R., Li, H., et al.Autoimmunity to vimentin is associated with outcomes of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosisJ. Immunol.199(5)1596-1605(2017)