Ionomycin free acid |
| Katalog-Nr.GC15446 |
Ionomycin-Freisäure (SQ23377) ist ein potentes, selektives Calcium-Ionophor und ein Antibiotikum, das von Streptomyces conglobatus produziert wird.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 56092-81-0
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
Ionomycin free acid is a selective and potent calcium ion carrier that acts as an active Ca2+ carrier. By stimulating the entry of storage-regulated cations across biofilms, effectively improves Ca2+ influx[9].
Human NK cells treated with Ionomycin free acid lose their ability to degranulate and secrete IFN-γ in response to a variety of stimuli, but IL-2 stimulation can compensate these defects[2]. When tested hypothesis by hyperpolarizing HL-60 cells using Ionomycin free acid before electroporation. Hyperpolarizing cells before electroporation alters the pulsed electric field intensity thresholds for reversible electroporation and IRE, allowing for greater control and selectivity of electroporation outcomes[3]. Ionomycin free acid induces calcium influx into the intracellular region and reactive oxygen species production in N1E-115 cells. Lipid hydroperoxide production was induced in ionomycin-treated N1E-115 cells[5]. Ionomycin free acid, at least in part, exerts its effects via specific binding to a G-protein coupled receptor, thereby evoking downstream cellular events like arachidonate release with subsequent prostaglandin formation[6]. A high concentration of Ionomycin free acid increased the frequency and amplitude of calcium oscillation patterns, affecting the balance of mitochondrial energy metabolism, leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased ATP[1].
Intratumoral injection of Ionomycin free acid into subcutaneous HT1376 tumors reduced the tumorigenicity in nude mice. Furthermore, these in vivo growth-inhibitory effects of Ionomycin free acid were significantly enhanced by pretreatment with cisplatin[8]. Acetylcholine (ACh) evoked secretion by the calcium ionophore, ionomycin, was studied at frog motor nerve endings. Bath application of Ionomycin free acid stimulated an irreversible increase in the rate of spontaneous, quantal ACh release in the presence of extracellular Ca2+. In contrast, local application of Ionomycin free acid stimulated a rapid, reversible acceleration of spontaneous ACh release[4]. Following stimulation with Ionomycin free acid, PD-1+ICOS+ CD4+ T cells expressed significantly lower IL-17A, but not IFNγ, levels in GF BXD2 mice compared to SPF BXD2 mice[7].
References:
[1]. Chen C, Sun T, et,al. Ionomycin-induced mouse oocyte activation can disrupt preimplantation embryo development through increased reactive oxygen species reaction and DNA damage. Mol Hum Reprod. 2020 Oct 1;26(10):773-783. doi: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa056. PMID: 32697831.
[2]. Romera-CÁrdenas G, Thomas LM, et,al. Ionomycin Treatment Renders NK Cells Hyporesponsive. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 23;11(3):e0150998. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150998. PMID: 27007115; PMCID: PMC4805247.
[3]. Aiken EJ, Kilberg BG, et,al. Ionomycin-Induced Changes in Membrane Potential Alter Electroporation Outcomes in HL-60 Cells. Biophys J. 2018 Jun 19;114(12):2875-2886. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2018.05.018. PMID: 29925024; PMCID: PMC6026377.
[4]. Hunt JM, Silinsky EM. Ionomycin-induced acetylcholine release and its inhibition by adenosine at frog motor nerve endings. Br J Pharmacol. 1993 Oct;110(2):828-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13887.x. PMID: 8242258; PMCID: PMC2175912.
[5]. Nakamura S, Nakanishi A, et,al. Ionomycin-induced calcium influx induces neurite degeneration in mouse neuroblastoma cells: analysis of a time-lapse live cell imaging system. Free Radic Res. 2016;50(11):1214-1225. doi: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1227074. Epub 2016 Sep 29. PMID: 27573976.
[6]. Leis HJ, Windischhofer W. Ionomycin induces prostaglandin E2 formation in murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells via mechanisms independent of its ionophoric nature. Biochem Cell Biol. 2016 Jun;94(3):236-40. doi: 10.1139/bcb-2015-0148. Epub 2016 Feb 9. PMID: 27065246.
[7]. Hong H, Alduraibi F, et,al. Host Genetics But Not Commensal Microbiota Determines the Initial Development of Systemic Autoimmune Disease in BXD2 Mice. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2022 Apr;74(4):634-640. doi: 10.1002/art.42008. Epub 2022 Feb 10. PMID: 34725967; PMCID: PMC9071869.
[8]. Miyake H, Hara I, et,al. Calcium ionophore, ionomycin inhibits growth of human bladder cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo with alteration of Bcl-2 and Bax expression levels. J Urol. 1999 Sep;162(3 Pt 1):916-21. doi: 10.1097/00005392-199909010-00090. PMID: 10458408.
[9]. Erdahl WL, Chapman CJ, et,al. Ionomycin, a carboxylic acid ionophore, transports Pb(2+) with high selectivity. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 10;275(10):7071-9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.275.10.7071. PMID: 10702273.
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