Enterotoxin STp (E. coli) |
Catalog No.GA21425
One-Click Copy Product Info
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Enterotoxin STp (E. coli) is a heat-stable enterotoxin produced by pathogenic Escherichia coli strains.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 115474-04-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Enterotoxin STp (E. coli) is a heat-stable enterotoxin produced by pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Enterotoxin STp increases intracellular cGMP levels by activating guanylate cyclase in intestinal epithelial cells, thereby promoting chloride and water secretion leading to diarrhea. Enterotoxin STp can be used in research related to bacterial enteritis, diarrheal disease mechanisms, and vaccine development[1-4].
In vitro, Enterotoxin STp (0.1μM) was applied to HEK-293T cells transfected with wild-type or variant GUCY2C for 15 minutes. Enterotoxin STp increased cGMP production in cells transfected with wild-type GUCY2C and enhanced CFTR activity[5]. Enterotoxin STp (400ng/mL) was applied to mouse and porcine intestinal organoids and intestinal epithelial cell lines (MODE-K, IPEC-J2, CMT-93) for 6-72 hours. Enterotoxin STp inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, disrupted cell barrier integrity, and downregulated Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity[6].
In vivo, Enterotoxin STp (5.0mg/kg; single treatment) was administered by gavage to C57BL/6 mice. Enterotoxin STp caused small intestinal edema, disrupted intestinal integrity, induced crypt cell expansion into spheroids, and downregulated Wnt/β-catenin activity[6]. Enterotoxin STp (0.1μmol; single treatment) was administered by gavage to NHERF2-deficient mice. Enterotoxin STp lost its inhibitory effect on intestinal Na+/H+ exchanger 3 in NHERF2-deficient mice[7].
References:
[1] Yamanaka H, Fuke Y, Hitotsubashi S, et al. Functional properties of pro region of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin. Microbiol Immunol. 1993;37(3):195-205.
[2] Yamanaka H, Kameyama M, Baba T, et al. Maturation pathway of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin I: requirement of DsbA for disulfide bond formation. J Bacteriol. 1994 May;176(10):2906-13.
[3] Okamoto K, Takahara M. Synthesis of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin STp as a pre-pro form and role of the pro sequence in secretion. J Bacteriol. 1990 Sep;172(9):5260-5.
[4] Taxt A, Aasland R, Sommerfelt H, et al. Heat-stable enterotoxin of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli as a vaccine target. Infect Immun. 2010 May;78(5):1824-31.
[5] Wolfe RM, Mohsen AW, Walsh Vockley C, et al. Novel GUCY2C variant causing familial diarrhea in a Mennonite kindred and a potential therapeutic approach. Am J Med Genet A. 2021 Jul;185(7):2046-2055.
[6] Zhou JY, Huang DG, Gao CQ, et al. Heat-stable enterotoxin inhibits intestinal stem cell expansion to disrupt the intestinal integrity by downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Stem Cells. 2021 Apr;39(4):482-496.
[7] Chen M, Sultan A, Cinar A, et al. Loss of PDZ-adaptor protein NHERF2 affects membrane localization and cGMP- and [Ca2+]- but not cAMP-dependent regulation of Na+/H+ exchanger 3 in murine intestine. J Physiol. 2010 Dec 15;588(Pt 24):5049-63.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | HEK-293T cells (human embryonic kidney cell line) |
Preparation Method | HEK-293T cells were transfected with wild type or variant GUCY2C/IRES-GFP expression vectors or control IRES-GFP expression vector using Lipofectamine 3000. After 24h in transfection media, growth medium was added. All experiments were performed 72h post-transfection. Cells were treated Enterotoxin STp. |
Reaction Conditions | 0.1μM; 15min |
Applications | Enterotoxin STp increased cGMP production in HEK-293T cells transfected with wild type GUCY2C compared to control vector, and further increased cGMP production 3-fold over wild type in cells transfected with the GC-C Asp794Val variant. Enterotoxin STp increased CFTR activity ~5-fold over control when stimulated in cells co-transfected with wild type GUCY2C and CFTR vectors, while the variant GC-C protein increased CFTR activity ~2-fold over wild type GC-C. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | 4-week-old male C57BL/6 mice |
Preparation Method | Mice were fasted for 12 hours before gavage administration of enterotoxin STp solution (dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline) at a concentration of 0 or 5.0mg/kg body weight. After 6 hours, the mice were euthanized with CO₂ inhalation, followed by cervical dislocation. |
Dosage form | 5.0mg/kg body weight; gavage administration |
Applications | Enterotoxin STp administration led to small intestinal edema, disrupted intestinal integrity, induced crypt cell expansion into spheroids, and downregulated Wnt/β-catenin activity in the mice. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 115474-04-9 | SDF | |
| Formula | C81H110N20O26S6 | M.Wt | 1972.28 |
| Solubility | Soluble in DMSO | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 507 μL | 2.5351 mL | 5.0703 mL |
| 5 mM | 101.4 μL | 507 μL | 1.0141 mL |
| 10 mM | 50.7 μL | 253.5 μL | 507 μL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL saline, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00% Appearance: A solid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 33 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)