Isoflurane (Synonyms: (±)Isoflurane) |
Catalog No.GC45487
One-Click Copy Product Info
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Isoflurane is a widely used inhalational anesthetic with a potent anesthetic effect, rapid onset, and quick elimination.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 26675-46-7
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
Isoflurane is a widely used inhalational anesthetic with a potent anesthetic effect, rapid onset, and quick elimination[1]. Isoflurane plays an important therapeutic role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD34 via the sonic hedgehog (Shh)/Gli signaling pathway[2]. Isoflurane inhibits electron transfer in respiratory complex I, with concerted downstream effects on membrane potential, ATP availability, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) flux[3]. After 2h of Isoflurane exposure, the human ovarian epithelial carcinoma cell line SK-OV3 and the non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) lines A549 and H1299 all exhibited significantly enhanced proliferation and migration[4-5]. In C57/BL/6J mice, a 2h inhalation of 1.4% Isoflurane produced a marked increase in Bax mRNA and protein expression (protein rose from 100% to 170%) and a concurrent decrease in Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression (protein fell from 100% to 61%) in neurons[6]. Compared with the cerebral ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury group, rats inhaling 1.5% or 3.0% Isoflurane for 60min showed markedly lower neurobehavioral deficit scores and smaller infarct volumes[7].
References:
[1] Saha P, Das A, Chatterjee N, et al. Impact of anesthetics on oncogenic signaling network: a review on propofol and isoflurane. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2022;36(1):49-71.
[2] Chen SJ, Yuan XQ, Xue Q, et al. Current research progress of isoflurane in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury: a narrative review. Med Gas Res. 2022;12(3):73-76.
[3] Rodriguez E, Peng B, Lane N. Anaesthetics disrupt complex I-linked respiration and reverse the ATP synthase. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg. 2025;1866(1):149511.
[4] Iwasaki M, Zhao H, Jaffer T, et al. Volatile anaesthetics enhance the metastasis related cellular signalling including CXCR2 of ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2016;7(18):26042-26056.
[5] Zhang W, Shao X. Isoflurane Promotes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Malignancy by Activating the Akt-Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Signaling Pathway. Med Sci Monit. 2016;22:4644-4650.
[6] Zhang Y, Dong Y, Wu X, et al. The mitochondrial pathway of anesthetic isoflurane-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 2010;285(6):4025-4037.
[7] Wang S, Yin J, Ge M, et al. Transforming growth-beta 1 contributes to isoflurane postconditioning against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother. 2016;78:280-290.
This plan only provides a guide, please modify it to meet your specific needs.
Isoflurane-treated animals[1]:
1. Retrieve the animal from its cage and place it in the induction chamber. Expose the animal to 100% oxygen for 2-3min, and then adjust to provide 4-5% isoflurane.
2. Monitor the animal until it becomes ataxic, recumbent, with a steady, slow respiratory rate, and immobile, which signifies the onset of anesthesia.
3. Remove the animal from the induction chamber and place the face mask or nosecone over the muzzle of the animal to maintain anesthetic delivery.
4. Connect the tubing from the induction chamber to the face mask or nosecone, adjust the dial on the vaporizer to deliver 1–3% isoflurane, and adjust the flowmeter to deliver 1L of oxygen per minute for maintenance anesthesia.
5. Apply a petroleum-based artificial tear ointment to the eyes to prevent corneal desiccation.
6. Assess the depth of anesthesia, including factors such as respiration rate, depth, and response to toe pinch (pedal withdrawal reflex), before making the surgical incision. Adjust the vaporizer dial to 1-3% to maintain the appropriate anesthetic level for the duration of the surgery.
7. Optional: To maintain hydration, postoperatively inject warmed (35-36°C) lactated Ringer’s solution or 0.9% NaCl (saline) subcutaneously between the shoulder blades. Use 10-40mL/kg for the mouse (do not exceed 1mL per site) and 5-10mL/kg for the rat (do not exceed 5mL per site).
8. Maintain continuous monitoring throughout anesthesia and recovery, ensuring regular assessment and documentation of anesthetic depth and respiratory rate at intervals of no less than every 15 minutes. Documentation facilitates recognition of trends or patterns to inform and refine subsequent anesthetic use.
9. At the end of the procedure, turn the vaporizer off and deliver 100% oxygen to the animal for ~5min.
Reference:
[1] Oh SS, Narver HL. Mouse and Rat Anesthesia and Analgesia. Curr Protoc. 2024;4(2):e995.
| Cas No. | 26675-46-7 | SDF | |
| Synonyms | (±)Isoflurane | ||
| Canonical SMILES | FC(OC(Cl)C(F)(F)F)F | ||
| Formula | C3H2ClF5O | M.Wt | 184.5 |
| Solubility | DMF: miscible,DMSO: miscible,Ethanol: miscible,Ethanol:PBS(pH 7.2) (1:1): 0.5 mg/ml | Storage | Store at 2-8°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 5.4201 mL | 27.1003 mL | 54.2005 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.084 mL | 5.4201 mL | 10.8401 mL |
| 10 mM | 542 μL | 2.71 mL | 5.4201 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL saline, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00% Appearance: A liquid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 13 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)