(±)-1,2-Propanediol (1,2-(RS)-Propanediol) |
Catalog No.GC30358
One-Click Copy Product Info
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(±)-1,2-Propanediol (1,2-(RS)-Propanediol) is an aliphatic alcohol that is frequently used as an excipient in many active molecule formulations to increase the solubility and stability of the active molecules.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 57-55-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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(±)-1,2-Propanediol (1,2-(RS)-Propanediol) is an aliphatic alcohol that is frequently used as an excipient in many active molecule formulations to increase the solubility and stability of the active molecules. (±)-1,2-Propanediol can be used in research in the food industry, skincare industry, and pharmaceutical field[1-4].
In vitro, KB cells were treated with (±)-1,2-Propanediol (0.1-1M) for 72 hours. (±)-1,2-Propanediol significantly inhibited cell growth in a dose-dependent manner, and its toxicity was lower than that of diethylene glycol but higher than that of ethylene glycol[5]. HEK293t cells expressing hTRPA1 or rTRPV1 were treated with (±)-1,2-Propanediol (1%-15%), and cell currents were immediately detected. (±)-1,2-Propanediol significantly activated the TRPA1 and TRPV1 ion channel activities of the cells, generating inward currents[6].
In vivo, male mice were treated with (±)-1,2-Propanediol (27-41mmol/kg; i.p.) 20 minutes before the elevated plus maze test. (±)-1,2-Propanediol significantly increased the number of entries into open arms and the number of head dips over open arm edges in mice, significantly reducing anxiety-like behavior[7]. NMRI mice were pretreated with (±)-1,2-Propanediol (50% solution; 10ml/kg; oral) 80 minutes and 20 minutes before acetaminophen challenge. (±)-1,2-Propanediol significantly prevented acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity, reducing serum ALT and liver-to-body weight ratio[8].
References:
[1] Jacob SE, Scheman A, McGowan MA. Propylene Glycol. Dermatitis. 2018 Jan-Feb;29(1):3-5.
[2] Funk JO, Maibach HI. Propylene glycol dermatitis: re-evaluation of an old problem. Contact Dermatitis. 1994 Oct;31(4):236-41.
[3] Zhang M, Zhang MW, Zhang L, et al. Methyl jasmonate and its potential in cancer therapy. Plant Signal Behav. 2015;10(9):e1062199.
[4] McGowan MA, Scheman A, Jacob SE. Propylene Glycol in Contact Dermatitis: A Systematic Review. Dermatitis. 2018 Jan-Feb;29(1):6-12.
[5] Mochida K, Gomyoda M. Toxicity of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and propylene glycol to human cells in culture. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1987 Jan;38(1):151-3.
[6] Niedermirtl F, Eberhardt M, Namer B, et al. Etomidate and propylene glycol activate nociceptive TRP ion channels. Mol Pain. 2018 Jan-Dec;14:1744806918811699.
[7] Lin HQ, Burden PM, Johnston GA. Propylene glycol elicits anxiolytic-like responses to the elevated plus-maze in male mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1998 Oct;50(10):1127-31.
[8] Thomsen MS, Loft S, Roberts DW, et al. Cytochrome P4502E1 inhibition by propylene glycol prevents acetaminophen (paracetamol) hepatotoxicity in mice without cytochrome P4501A2 inhibition. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1995 Jun;76(6):395-9.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | KB cells (human cell line) |
Preparation Method | KB cells were cultured in growth medium and exposed to various concentrations of (±)-1,2-Propanediol for 72 hours, with cell counts used to assess growth inhibition. |
Reaction Conditions | 0.1-1M; 72h. |
Applications | (±)-1,2-Propanediol significantly inhibited the growth of KB cells in a dose-dependent manner, with an ID50 of 0.31M. (±)-1,2-Propanediol was less toxic than diethylene glycol but more toxic than ethylene glycol to KB cells. As a food additive, (±)-1,2-Propanediol was less toxic than butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, propyl gallate, and dl-α-tocopheryl in the same cell culture system. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Male Quackenbush Swiss mice |
Preparation Method | Mice were intraperitoneally administered (±)-1,2-Propanediol (27 or 41mmol/kg) or normal saline (control) 20 minutes before a 5-minute test on the elevated plus-maze. |
Dosage form | 27 or 41mg/kg; i.p.; single injection. |
Applications | (±)-1,2-Propanediol significantly increased the number of entries into open arms and the number of head dips over open arm edges in the elevated plus-maze test, indicating an anxiolytic effect. These doses did not affect general activity (closed arm entries). |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 57-55-6 | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | CC(O)CO | ||
| Formula | C3H8O2 | M.Wt | 76.09 |
| Solubility | Water : ≥ 50 mg/mL (657.12 mM) | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 13.1423 mL | 65.7117 mL | 131.4233 mL |
| 5 mM | 2.6285 mL | 13.1423 mL | 26.2847 mL |
| 10 mM | 1.3142 mL | 6.5712 mL | 13.1423 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL saline, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.50% Appearance: A liquid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 28 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)