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Proteases

Proteases - Signaling Pathways | GlpBio

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Proteases is a general term for a class of enzymes that hydrolyze protein peptide chains. According to the way they degrade polypeptides, they are divided into two categories: endopeptidases and telopeptidases. The former can cut the large molecular weight polypeptide chain from the middle to form prions and peptones with smaller molecular weights; the latter can be divided into carboxypeptidase and aminopeptidase, which respectively remove the peptide from the free carboxyl terminus or free amino terminus of the polypeptide one by one. Chain hydrolysis produces amino acids.

A general term for a class of enzymes that hydrolyze peptide bonds in proteins. According to the way they hydrolyze polypeptides, they can be divided into endopeptidases and exopeptidases. Endopeptidase cleaves the interior of the protein molecule to form smaller molecular weight peptones and peptones. Exopeptidase hydrolyzes peptide bonds one by one from the end of the free amino group or carboxyl group of protein molecules, and frees amino acids, the former is aminopeptidase and the latter is carboxypeptidase. Proteases can be classified into serine proteases, sulfhydryl proteases, metalloproteases and aspartic proteases according to their active centers and optimum pH. According to the optimum pH value of its reaction, it is divided into acidic protease, neutral protease and alkaline protease. The proteases used in industrial production are mainly endopeptidases.

Proteases are widely found in animal offal, plant stems and leaves, fruits and microorganisms. Microbial proteases are mainly produced by molds and bacteria, followed by yeast and actinomycetes.

Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of proteins. There are many kinds, the important ones are pepsin, trypsin, cathepsin, papain and subtilisin. Proteases have strict selectivity for the reaction substrates they act on. A protease can only act on certain peptide bonds in protein molecules, such as the peptide bonds formed by the hydrolysis of basic amino acids catalyzed by trypsin. Proteases are widely distributed, mainly in the digestive tract of humans and animals, and are abundant in plants and microorganisms. Due to limited animal and plant resources, the industrial production of protease preparations is mainly prepared by fermentation of microorganisms such as Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus terrestris.

Research Areas

Products Related to Proteases(4533)

  • GC79657 structure
    GC79657Pentanoyl coenzyme A sodium
    Purity: >97.00%

    Pentanoyl coenzyme A (Valeryl-CoA) sodium is a short-chain fatty acyl-CoA that functions as an intermediate in mitochondrial β-oxidation and related metabolic pathways.

  • GC79660 structure
    GC79660Osteocalcin (human) TFA
    Purity: >98.00%

    Osteocalcin (Osteocalcin (1-49)) (human) TFA is a vitamin K-dependent bone specific protein.

  • GC79661 structure
    GC79661N-Carbobenzoxytyramine
    CAS: 29655-46-7
    Purity: >98.50%

    N-Carbobenzoxytyramine (N-CBZ-Tyramine), a carbobenzoxy derivatives of amino acid, is a competitive inhibitor of glutaminase activity [1] .

  • GC79662 structure
    GC79662TG2-IN-3h
    CAS: 1592640-75-9
    Purity: >98%

    TG2-IN-3h (Compound 3h) is a transglutaminase (TG2) inhibitor (hTG2: IC 50 = 6nM).

  • GC79663 structure
    GC796633-Hydroxyproline
    CAS: 567-36-2
    Purity: >98.00%

    3-Hydroxyproline is a non-glycosyl microbial α-glucosidase inhibitor.

  • GC79664 structure
    GC796648-Demethoxyschinilenol
    CAS: 144398-46-9
    Purity: >98.00%

    8-Demethoxyschinilenol is a terpenoid coumarin.

  • GC79665 structure
    GC79665Rexaceract
    CAS: 2648407-86-5
    Purity: >98%

    Rexaceract (Rexaceractum) is a heteroaryl compound that binds to β-glucocerebrosidase.

  • GC79666 structure
    GC79666GCase modulator-2
    CAS: 2923245-78-5
    Purity: >99.00%

    GCase modulator-2 (Compound 1) is a glucocerebrosidase ( GCase ) modulator.

  • GC79667 structure
    GC79667AGFAGDDAPR
    CAS: 330204-04-1
    Purity: >98.00%

    AGFAGDDAPR is a bioactive peptide that is a competitive and orally effective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV ( DPP-IV ).

  • GC79668 structure
    GC79668RES-701-3 peptide TFA
    Purity: >98.00%

    RES-701-3 peptide TFA is a class II lasso peptide.

  • GC79673 structure
    GC79673INCB191358
    CAS: 3111036-70-2
    Purity: >98%

    INCB191358 is a selective and orally active inhibitor of diacylglycerol kinase α/ζ/ι ( DGKα/ζ/ι ) with IC 50 values of 0.12, 0.36 and 0.36 nM.

  • GC79674 structure
    GC79674FABP4/5-IN-6
    CAS: 2975215-64-4
    Purity: >98%

    FABP4/5-IN-6 is an orally active, potent FABP4/5 inhibitor ( Ki = 0.41/2.53 μM), showing low selectivity over FABP3 ( Ki = 59.72 μM).

  • GC79680 structure
    GC79680GNE-140
    CAS: 1809794-70-4
    Purity: >98.00%

    GNE-140 (Compound 28) is an external racemic mixture of (R)-GNE-140 and (S)-GNE-140.

  • GC79681 structure
    GC79681IDH1 ligand 1
    CAS: 2244883-83-6
    Purity: >98.00%

    IDH1 ligand 1 (Compound 18) can serve as a negative control for the IDH1 target, with no detectable affinity for wild-type IDH1 and an IC 50 >10,000 nM [1] .

  • GC79706 structure
    GC797065-LOX-IN-9
    CAS: 2668-47-5
    Purity: >98.00%

    5-LOX-IN-9 is a 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase inhibitor, with an IC 50 of 0.2 pM against guinea pig 5-LOX and an IC 50 of 0.7 pM against bovine COX.

  • GC79707 structure
    GC79707ST1072
    CAS: 1402703-50-7
    Purity: >98%

    ST1072 is an inhibitor of CerS4 and CerS6.

  • GC79708 structure
    GC79708Alcudacigib TFA
    Purity: >99.00%

    Alcudacigib (ASP1570; DGKζ-IN-1) TFA is an orally active diacylglycerol kinase ζ ( DGKζ ) inhibitor, with an IC 50 of 4.7 nM against human DGKζ and an IC 50 of 3.0 nM against mouse DGKζ. Alcudacigib TFA selectively inhibits the kinase activity of DGKζ and induces proteasome-dependent degradation of DGKζ protein.

  • GC79711 structure
    GC79711PENAO TFA
    Purity: >95.50%

    PENAO TFA is the trifluoroacetic acid of PENAO.

  • GC79712 structure
    GC79712Mitochondrial-targeted peptide BP29 acetate
    Purity: >98.00%

    Mitochondrial-targeted peptide BP29 acetate is a mitochondria-targeted iron chelator linked to a mitochondria-homing SS-peptide.

  • GC79713 structure
    GC79713D-Ribonic acid ammonium
    CAS: 90801-23-3
    Purity: >98.00%

    D-Ribonic acid ammonium is a metabolite of D-Ribose.

  • GC79714 structure
    GC79714MMP-9-IN-13
    CAS: 3085676-77-0
    Purity: >98.00%

    MMP-9-IN-13 (Example 1) is a selective inhibitor of human MMP9 with an IC 50 value of 0.02 nM.

  • GC79715 structure
    GC79715C-telopeptide acetate
    Purity: >98.00%

    C-telopeptide acetate is a cross-linked peptide of type I collagen that is released during bone resorption and correlates with bone mineral density (BMD).

  • GC79716 structure
    GC79716Dnp-PLGLWAr-NH2 acetate
    Purity: >98.50%

    Dnp-PLGLWAr-NH2 acetate is a synthetic collagenase/gelatinase substrate.

  • GC79717 structure
    GC79717BT1769 acetate
    Purity: >98.00%

    BT1769 acetate is a conjugate and antitumor agent targeting MT1-MMP, with a K d value of 3.35 nM against human targets.