Norwogonin (Synonyms: NSC 128304, 5,7,8-Trihydroxyflavone)

Norwogonin is a polyhydroxy flavone that has been found in S. baicalensis and has diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, antiviral, and anticancer properties.1,2,3 It scavenges ABTS and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals with IC50 values of 1.24 and 35.61 μg/ml, respectively, in cell-free assays.1 Norwogonin inhibits cytopathic effects induced by enterovirus 71 (EV71) in infected Vero cells (IC50 = 31.83 μg/ml).2 It reduces the viability of MDA-MB-231, BT-549, HCC70, and HCC1806 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells (IC50s = 32.24, 56.2, 39.05, and 37.3 μM, respectively) but not the non-tumorigenic cell lines MCF-10A and AG11132 (IC50s = >100 μM for both).3 Norwogonin induces cell cycle arrest at the G1 and G2/M phases and increases apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.

|1. Sarian, M.N., Ahmed, Q.U., Mat So'ad, S.Z., et al. Antioxidant and antidiabetic effects of flavonoids: A structure-activity relationship based study. Biomed. Res. Int. 2017:8386065, (2017).|2. Choi, H.J., Song, H.-H., Lee, J.-S., et al. Inhibitory effects of Norwogonin, Oroxylin A, and Mosloflavone on Enterovirus 71. Biomol. Ther. (Seoul) 24(5), 552-558 (2016).|3. Abd El-Hafeez, A.A., Khalifa, H.O., Mahdy, E.A.M., et al. Anticancer effect of nor-wogonin (5, 7, 8-trihydroxyflavone) on human triple-negative breast cancer cells via downregulation of TAK1, NF-κB, and STAT3. Pharmacol. Rep. 71(2), 289-298 (2019).