D-Kynurenine |
| Catalog No.GC45705 |
An antagonist of GPR109B
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 13441-51-5
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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D-Kynurenine is an antagonist of hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 HCA3/GPR109B (EC50 = 2.61 μM in a luciferase reporter assay) and a metabolite of D-tryptophan.1 It increases levels of intracellular calcium and decreases forskolin-stimulated production of cAMP in CHO cells expressing human HCA3/GPR109B when used at concentrations of 10 and 100, or 1,000 μM, respectively. D-Kynurenine (10 μM) increases expression of vimentin and decreases expression of E-cadherin in 95D lung cancer cells.2 It has been used as a substrate in fluorometric assays for D-amino acid oxidase activity.3,4
|1. Irukayama-Tomobe, Y., Tanaka, H., Yokomizo, T., et al. Aromatic D-amino acids act as chemoattractant factors for human leukocytes through a G protein-coupled receptor, GPR109B. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106(10), 3930-3934 (2009).|2. Duan, Z., Li, Y., and Li, L. Promoting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by D-kynurenine via activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 448(1-2), 165-173 (2018).|3. Kozaki, A., Iwasa, S., Hosoda, S., et al. Fluorimetric assay for D-amino acid oxidase activity in rat brain homogenate by using D-kynurenine as a substrate. Biosci. Trends 6(5), 241-247 (2012).|4. Song, Z., Ogaya, T., Ishii, K., et al. Utilization of kynurenic acid produced from D-kynurenine in an in vitro assay of D-amino acid oxidase activity. J. Health Sci. 56(3), 341-346 (2010).
| Cas No. | 13441-51-5 | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | NC1=C(C(C[C@@H](N)C(O)=O)=O)C=CC=C1 | ||
| Formula | C10H12N2O3 | M.Wt | 208.2 |
| Solubility | 0.5M HCl: 50 mg/ml | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.8031 mL | 24.0154 mL | 48.0307 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.9606 mL | 4.8031 mL | 9.6061 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4803 mL | 2.4015 mL | 4.8031 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.50%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 37 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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