Dibutyl phthalate |
Catalog No.GC30897
One-Click Copy Product Info
|
Dibutyl phthalate is a widely used plastic plasticizer and environmental endocrine disruptor.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 84-74-2
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
_1-3.$$$39978408@51.jpg');)
_1-9.$$$38538795@65.jpg');)
_1-9.$$$39112701@51.jpg');)
_1-7.$$$37316672@70.jpg');)
_366-372.$$$36198801@70.jpg');)
.$$$38565142@65.jpg');)
_1867-1883.$$$33248023@67.jpg');)
_eads6055.$$$39977546@45.jpg');)
_eadm9805.$$$40080571@45.jpg');)
_eadj3020.$$$39666821@45.jpg');)
_1-20.$$$39757301@28.jpg');)
_1-24.$$$38898113@28.jpg');)
_273-287.$$$36806353@46.jpg');)
_1-16.$$$37156877@44.jpg');)
_1-19.$$$37460805@44.jpg');)
_1291-1307.$$$34518654@46.jpg');)
Dibutyl phthalate is a widely used plastic plasticizer and environmental endocrine disruptor. Dibutyl phthalate downregulates steroidogenic enzymes such as CYP11A1 and HSD3β2 and inhibits androgen receptor signaling to reduce testosterone and disrupt reproductive endocrinology. Dibutyl phthalate induces ROS and MDA and activates the ERK/Nrf2 antioxidant pathway to reduce oxidative damage and inflammation. Dibutyl phthalate can be used in studies on male reproductive toxicity, female follicular development, pregnancy trophoblast damage, and environmental endocrine disruption[1-4].
In vitro, 100μM Dibutyl phthalate was used to treat human skeletal muscle cells (HSkMC) for 24h. Dibutyl phthalate downregulated mRNA expression of INSR, IRS1, PI3K, AKT2, and GLUT4 in HSkMC. Dibutyl phthalate reduced protein expression of PI3K, AKT2, phosphorylated AKT2, and GLUT4. Dibutyl phthalate interfered with the INSR-IRS1-PI3K-AKT-GLUT4 insulin signaling pathway[5]. 0-7mM Dibutyl phthalate was used to treat A431 cells for 24h. Dibutyl phthalate inhibited proliferation of A431 cells[6]. 1nM-400μM Dibutyl phthalate was used to treat Caco-2 and HT-29 cells for 24-72h. Dibutyl phthalate enhanced proliferation, colony formation, and migration of Caco-2 and HT-29 cells. Dibutyl phthalate upregulated TIMP-1 expression and activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway[7].
In vivo, orally gavaged Wistar rats with bronchial asthma 750mg/kg of Dibutyl phthalate daily for 9 weeks. Dibutyl phthalate induced lung histopathological damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Dibutyl phthalate increased protein levels of TSLP, JAK1, and p-STAT6. Dibutyl phthalate inhibited the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway[8]. BALB/c pregnant mice were intravenously injected with 2.15mg/kg Dibutyl phthalate via the tail vein every 3 days until gestational day 20. Dibutyl phthalate delayed estrus and blocked oocyte development in female mice. Dibutyl phthalate reduced the number of testicular spermatogenic cells and decreased sperm quality. Dibutyl phthalate caused histopathological changes in ovarian and testicular tissues[9]. BALB/c mice sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin were orally gavaged with 40mg/kg Dibutyl phthalate daily for 28 days. Dibutyl phthalate increased airway hyperresponsiveness, peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, and collagen deposition. Dibutyl phthalate elevated T-IgE, OVA-IgE, OVA-IgG1, IL-4, IL-13, IL-33, VEGF, HMGB1, ALOX15, PEBP1, PTGS2, and ROS. Dibutyl phthalate reduced GPX4, SLC7A11, and GSH. Dibutyl phthalate aggravated ovalbumin-sensitized allergic asthma in mice through ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation[10].
References:[1] Calnan CD. Dibutyl phthalate. Contact Dermatitis. 1975 Dec;1(6):388.
[2] Czubacka E, Czerczak S, Kupczewska-Dobecka MM. The overview of current evidence on the reproductive toxicity of dibutyl phthalate. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2021 Jan 7;34(1):15-37.
[3] Husain SL. Dibutyl phthalate sensitivity. Contact Dermatitis. 1975 Dec;1(6):395.
[4] Ema M. Antiandrogenic effects of dibutyl phthalate and its metabolite, monobutyl phthalate, in rats. Congenit Anom (Kyoto). 2002 Dec;42(4):297-308.
[5] Shan D, Chen Y, Zhou K. The Impact of Dibutyl Phthalate on Insulin Signaling in Human Skeletal Muscle Cells. Discov Med. 2024 Sep;36(188):1811-1818.
[6] Mirandowicz-Dzierzawska K, Zapor L, Skowron J, et al. The effects of co-exposure to methyl paraben and dibutyl phthalate on cell line derived from human skin. Toxicol Res. 2023;39(1):71-89.
[7] Huang Q, Chen X, Ge X, et al. Dibutyl phthalate promotes COAD cells growth and migration via the TIMP1/PI3K/AKT signaling axis. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2025;303:118931.
[8] Wang X, Han B, Wu P, et al. Dibutyl phthalate induces allergic airway inflammation in rats via inhibition of the Nrf2/TSLP/JAK1 pathway. Environmental Pollution. 2020;267:115564.
[9] Qin Y, He S, Peng H, et al. Dibutyl Phthalate Adsorbed on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Causes Fetal Developmental Toxicity in Balb/C Mice. Toxics. 2023;11(7):565.
[10] Li Y, Yan B, Wu Y, et al. Ferroptosis participates in dibutyl phthalate-aggravated allergic asthma in ovalbumin-sensitized mice. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2023;256:114848.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
|
Cell lines |
Caco-2, HT-29 cells (human colon adenocarcinoma cell line) |
|
Preparation Method |
Caco-2 and HT-29 cells were maintained in DMEM with 10% FBS at 37°C, 5% CO2. Caco-2 and HT-29 cells were treated with Dibutyl phthalate at 1nM to 400μM for 24, 48 and 72h, then CCK8, colony formation, wound healing, qPCR and Western blot were performed. |
|
Reaction Conditions |
1nM-400μM; 24-72h |
|
Applications |
Dibutyl phthalate enhanced proliferation, colony-forming capacity and migration of Caco-2 and HT-29 cells, upregulated TIMP-1 mRNA and protein, and increased phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
|
Animal models |
Wistar rats |
|
Preparation Method |
Rats were intragastrically administered 750mg/kg Dibutyl phthalate daily for 9 weeks, and intraperitoneally injected with 1mg OVA and 100mg Al(OH)3 on days 42, 49, and 56, then nebulized with 1% OVA for 30min daily from days 57 to 63. Rats were sacrificed 24h after the last treatment for lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis. |
|
Dosage form |
750mg/kg; i.g.; daily for 9 weeks |
|
Applications |
Dibutyl phthalate induced lung histopathological damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, increased TSLP, JAK1, p-STAT6 protein levels, and inhibited Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway in rats. |
| References: [1] Huang Q, Chen X, Ge X, et al. Dibutyl phthalate promotes COAD cells growth and migration via the TIMP1/PI3K/AKT signaling axis. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2025;303:118931. [2] Wang X, Han B, Wu P, et al. Dibutyl phthalate induces allergic airway inflammation in rats via inhibition of the Nrf2/TSLP/JAK1 pathway. Environmental Pollution. 2020;267:115564. | |
| Cas No. | 84-74-2 | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | O=C(C1=CC=CC=C1C(OCCCC)=O)OCCCC | ||
| Formula | C16H22O4 | M.Wt | 278.34 |
| Solubility | Ethanol : ≥ 50 mg/mL (179.64 mM) | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
||
| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.5927 mL | 17.9636 mL | 35.9273 mL |
| 5 mM | 718.5 μL | 3.5927 mL | 7.1855 mL |
| 10 mM | 359.3 μL | 1.7964 mL | 3.5927 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL saline, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.50% Appearance: A liquid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 28 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)