Home>>Signaling Pathways>> Ubiquitination/ Proteasome>> Autophagy>>Vancomycin

Vancomycin

Catalog No.GC37885

Vancomycin is one of the potent antibiotics to perturb the gut microbiota.

Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.

Vancomycin Chemical Structure

Cas No.: 1404-90-6

Size Price Stock Qty
25mg
$35.00
In stock
50mg
$56.00
In stock
100mg
$84.00
In stock
1g
$252.00
In stock

Tel:(909) 407-4943 Email: sales@glpbio.com

Customer Reviews

Based on customer reviews.

  • GlpBio Citations

    GlpBio Citations
  • Bioactive Compounds Premium Provider

    Bioactive Compounds Premium Provider

Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.

Product has been cited by 2 publications

Product Documents

Quality Control & SDS

View current batch:

Protocol

Cell experiment [1]:

Cell lines

B. burgdorferi

Preparation Method

Vancomycin was added at a final concentration of 0.5 -2.0 µg/mL into exponentially growing Borrelia spirochetes and incubated for up to 48 h.

Reaction Conditions

0.5-2.0 µg/mL Vancomycinfor 48 h

Applications

Low to moderate doses of vancomycin ( 2.0 µg/mL for 24 h) produced small alterations in cell shape and that as the dose was increased, cell speed decreased. Vancomycin concentrations >1.0 µg/mL also inhibited cell growth and led to bleb formation on a fraction of the cells.

Animal experiment [2]:

Animal models

C57BL/6 (Th1) and BALB/c (Th2) of 6-8 weeks

Preparation Method

Both Th1 (C57BL/6)- and Th2 (BALB/c)-biased mice were treated with vancomycin (at 50 mg per kg of body weight) for six consecutive days. 0.5 ml of vancomycin was orally gavaged twice daily at a gap of 12 h. Following the withdrawal of 6 days of treatment with vancomycin, mice were observed for 60 days.

Dosage form

50 mg/kg twice daily at a gap of 12 h,oral

Applications

The gut microbiome profiling, behavior, and immune responses varied significantly between Th1- and Th2-biased mice. By withdrawing the treatment with vancomycin of major gut microbes, important physiological and behavioral changes of both mice strains returned to the normal (untreated control) level.

References:

[1]. Harman MW, Hamby AE, et,al. Vancomycin Reduces Cell Wall Stiffness and Slows Swim Speed of the Lyme Disease Bacterium. Biophys J. 2017 Feb 28;112(4):746-754. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.12.039. PMID: 28256234; PMCID: PMC5340155.
[2]. Ray P, Pandey U, et,al. Vancomycin-Induced Changes in Host Immunity and Behavior: Comparative Genomic and Metagenomic Analysis in C57BL/6 and BALB/c Mice. Dig Dis Sci. 2021 Nov;66(11):3776-3791. doi: 10.1007/s10620-020-06729-x. Epub 2021 Jan 1. PMID: 33386517.

Background

Vancomycin is one of the potent antibiotics to perturb the gut microbiota [1]. Vancomycin treatment caused a significant alteration in the composition and diversity of the commensal gut microbiota of the host[2].Vancomycin specifically blocks peptide cross-linking in the bacterial peptidoglycan by recognizing terminal peptide sequences and blocking their binding site to enzymatic cross-linkers. Vancomycin has previously been shown to be active against B. burgdorferi in vitro[5,6].

Low to moderate doses of vancomycin ( 2.0 µg/mL for 24 h) produced small alterations in cell shape and that as the dose was increased, cell speed decreased. Vancomycin concentrations >1.0 µg/mL also inhibited cell growth and led to bleb formation on a fraction of the cells[3]. The addition of vancomycin at a concentration of 10ug/ml-1 to the wash solution of the cell-saver achieved similar concentrations in the autologous blood concentrate recovered allowing for bacterial removal, with negative blood cultures in all cases[4].

Metagenomic analysis of gut microbiota revealed that the treatment with vancomycin caused a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla with a time-dependent increase in Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia phyla. Maximum restoration (> 70%) of gut microbiota happened by the 15th day of withdrawal of vancomycin. BALB/c mice showed a more efficient restoration of gut microbiota compared to C57BL/6 mice[7]. Mice treated with vancomycin alone had a better clinical outcome in the treatment phase of CDI than mice treated with metronidazole alone[8].

References:
[1]. Carding S, Verbeke K, et,al.Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease. Microb Ecol Health Dis. 2015 Feb 2;26:26191. doi: 10.3402/mehd.v26.26191. PMID: 25651997; PMCID: PMC4315779.
[2]. Vrieze A, Out C, et,al. Impact of oral vancomycin on gut microbiota, bile acid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. J Hepatol. 2014 Apr;60(4):824-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.11.034. Epub 2013 Dec 6. PMID: 24316517
[3]. Harman MW, Hamby AE, et,al. Vancomycin Reduces Cell Wall Stiffness and Slows Swim Speed of the Lyme Disease Bacterium. Biophys J. 2017 Feb 28;112(4):746-754. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.12.039. PMID: 28256234; PMCID: PMC5340155.
[4]. Perez-Ferrer A, Gredilla-DÍaz E, et,al. Vancomycin added to the wash solution of the cell-saver. Effect on bacterial contamination. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2017 Apr;64(4):185-191. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.redar.2016.10.002. Epub 2017 Jan 13. PMID: 28094033.
[5]. Dever LL, Jorgensen JH, et,al. In vitro activity of vancomycin against the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993 May;37(5):1115-21. doi: 10.1128/AAC.37.5.1115. PMID: 8517700; PMCID: PMC187913
[6]. Hunfeld KP, Weigand J, et,al.In vitro activity of mezlocillin, meropenem, aztreonam, vancomycin, teicoplanin, ribostamycin and fusidic acid against Borrelia burgdorferi. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2001 Mar;17(3):203-8. doi: 10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00342-3. PMID: 11282265.
[7]. Ray P, Pandey U, et,al.Vancomycin-Induced Changes in Host Immunity and Behavior: Comparative Genomic and Metagenomic Analysis in C57BL/6 and BALB/c Mice. Dig Dis Sci. 2021 Nov;66(11):3776-3791. doi: 10.1007/s10620-020-06729-x. Epub 2021 Jan 1. PMID: 33386517.
[8]. Erikstrup LT, Aarup M, et,al.Treatment of Clostridium difficile infection in mice with vancomycin alone is as effective as treatment with vancomycin and metronidazole in combination. BMJ Open Gastroenterol. 2015 Nov 2;2(1):e000038. doi: 10.1136/bmjgast-2015-000038. PMID: 26568840; PMCID: PMC4641438.

Chemical Properties

Cas No. 1404-90-6 SDF
Formula C66H75Cl2N9O24 M.Wt 1449.25
Solubility 125 mg/mL in DMSO(ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C) Storage Store at -20°C
General tips Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time.
Shipping Condition Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Prepare stock solution
1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 0.69 mL 3.4501 mL 6.9001 mL
5 mM 0.138 mL 0.69 mL 1.38 mL
10 mM 0.069 mL 0.345 mL 0.69 mL
  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass
=
Concentration
x
Volume
x
MW*
 
 
 
**When preparing stock solutions always use the batch-specific molecular weight of the product found on the vial label and MSDS / CoA (available online).

Calculate

In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)

mg/kg g μL

Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)

% DMSO % % Tween 80 % ddH2O
%DMSO %

Calculation results:

Working concentration: mg/ml;

Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.

Related Video

    Vancomycin-GlpBio

Reviews

Review for Vancomycin

Average Rating: 5 ★★★★★ (Based on Reviews and 15 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)

5 Star
100%
4 Star
0%
3 Star
0%
2 Star
0%
1 Star
0%
Review for Vancomycin

GLPBIO products are for RESEARCH USE ONLY. Please make sure your review or question is research based.

Required fields are marked with *

You may receive emails regarding this submission. Any emails will include the ability to opt-out of future communications.