HOAt |
Catalog No.GA10098
One-Click Copy Product Info
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HOAt is a coupling reagent that promotes peptide bond formation between carboxylic acids and amines by first reacting with the acid to generate an activated intermediate, which then reacts with the amine to form the amide.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 39968-33-7
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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HOAt is a coupling reagent that promotes peptide bond formation between carboxylic acids and amines by first reacting with the acid to generate an activated intermediate, which then reacts with the amine to form the amide[1]. The nitrogen at the 7-position in HOAt provides a classic neighboring group effect that can both increase the reactivity and reduce racemization[2]. In combination with 1-ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide (EDC) and N,N′-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), HOAt can be employed to promote the amide-bond-forming step between amino-modified DNA and carboxylic acids during the construction of DNA-encoded combinatorial libraries[3]. HOAt functions as a non-mutagenic pharmaceutical reagent, a common drug impurity and a metal-binding pharmacophore, while also exhibiting pronounced corrosion-inhibition activity toward mild steel[4-5]. HOAt can be used with HOBt in a relay fashion to catalyze the route from α-reducible aldehydes and amines to α-reduced amides[6].
References:
[1] Nicolette J, Neft RE, Vanosdol J, Murray J. Peptide bond-forming reagents HOAt and HATU are not mutagenic in the bacterial reverse mutation test. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2016 Apr;57(3):236-40. doi: 10.1002/em.21997.
[2] Subirós-Funosas R, Prohens R, Barbas R, El-Faham A, Albericio F. Oxyma: an efficient additive for peptide synthesis to replace the benzotriazole-based HOBt and HOAt with a lower risk of explosion. Chemistry. 2009 Sep 21;15(37):9394-403.
[3] Li Y, Gabriele E, Samain F, et al. Optimized Reaction Conditions for Amide Bond Formation in DNA-Encoded Combinatorial Libraries. ACS Comb Sci. 2016;18(8):438-443.
[4] Liu X, Yan W, Yang G, et al. 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole-cinnamic esters as anti-Toxoplasma gondii agents. Nat Prod Res. Published online May 8, 2025.
[5] Gao L, Peng S, Gong Z, Chen J. A combination of experiment and theoretical methods to study the novel and low-cost corrosion inhibitor 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole for mild steel in 1 M sulfuric acid. RSC Adv. 2018;8(67):38506-38516.
[6] Vora HU, Rovis T. Nucleophilic carbene and HOAt relay catalysis in an amide bond coupling: an orthogonal peptide bond forming reaction. J Am Chem Soc. 2007 Nov 14;129(45):13796-7. doi: 10.1021/ja0764052.
| Cas No. | 39968-33-7 | SDF | |
| Chemical Name | 3-hydroxytriazolo[4,5-b]pyridine | ||
| Canonical SMILES | C1=CC2=C(N=C1)N(N=N2)O | ||
| Formula | C5H4N4O | M.Wt | 136.11 |
| Solubility | ≥ 6.8mg/mL in DMSO, ≥ 9.29 mg/mL in EtOH with ultrasonic, ≥ 3.62 mg/mL in Water with ultrasonic | Storage | Desiccate at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 7.347 mL | 36.735 mL | 73.47 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.4694 mL | 7.347 mL | 14.694 mL |
| 10 mM | 734.7 μL | 3.6735 mL | 7.347 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL saline, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00% Appearance: A solid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 30 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)