Thidiazuron belongs to bis-substituted urea derivatives, which showed extreme cytokinin activity and has been extensively used as an herbicide and a plant growth regulator [1]. Thidiazuron can affect multiple morphogenetic processes, including axillary shoot induction, adventitious shoot regeneration, and somatic embryogenesis in many plant species [2].
Thidiazuron (0~50μM; 24h) down-regulated the expression of uPA, uPAR, MMPs and VEGF in a dose-dependent manner in the MDA-MB-231 cells [3]. Thidiazuron (0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.4mg/L; 4 weeks) up-regulated the expression of cytokinin oxidase in the strawberry explants [2]. Thidiazuron (0, 2.3, 4.5, 6.9 and 9μM; 10 weeks) promoted somatic embryo formation in the blueberry leaf explants [4].
References:
[1] Nisler J. In Thidiazuron: From Urea Derivative to Plant Growth Regulator [M]. Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany: Springer, 2018.
[2] Wang F, Li Y, Pang Y, et al. Thidiazuron enhances strawberry shoot multiplication by regulating hormone signal transduction pathways [J]. International journal of molecular sciences, 2025, 26(9): 4060.
[3] Rajendran P, Ben Ammar R, Al-Saeedi F J, et al. Thidiazuron decreases epithelial-mesenchymal transition activity through the NF-kB and PI3K/AKT signalling pathways in breast cancer [J]. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2020, 24(24): 14525-14538.
[4] Ghosh A, Igamberdiev A U, Debnath S C. Thidiazuron-induced somatic embryogenesis and changes of antioxidant properties in tissue cultures of half-high blueberry plants [J]. Scientific reports, 2018, 8(1): 16978.