Tunicamycin Mixture |
Catalog No.GC16738
One-Click Copy Product Info
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Tunicamycin Mixture is a mixture of homologous nucleoside antibiotics that inhibits N-glycosylation and blocks GlcNAc phosphotransferase (GPT).
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 11089-65-9
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
Tunicamycin Mixture is a mixture of homologous nucleoside antibiotics that inhibits N-glycosylation and blocks GlcNAc phosphotransferase (GPT)[1]. Tunicamycin Mixture can induce cellular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and lead to blockage of DNA synthesis and G1 phase arrest [2]. Tunicamycin Mixture inhibits Gram-positive bacteria, yeast, fungi and viruses and has anti-cancer activity [3].
In vitro, pretreatment of RAW264.7 cells with Tunicamycin Mixture (0.5μg/ml) for 2h significantly reduced LPS-induced nitrite production and weakened the expression of iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and protein[4]. Tunicamycin Mixture (1-20μg/ml) treated prostate cancer PC-3 cells for 24-96h, dose-dependently reduced cell viability, blocked the formation of N-glycosylation in proteins and induced endoplasmic reticulum stress [5] .
In vivo, Tunicamycin Mixture (1mg/kg) treated mice via intraperitoneal injection, significantly increased hepatic triglyceride accumulation, inhibited hepatic lipoprotein secretion, and reduced blood glucose levels and liver glycogen content [6]. The administration of a Tunicamycin mixture (2μg) via intratracheal delivery in a neutrophilic asthma model (OVALPS-OVA mice) increased the protein expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers and inflammatory cytokines, leading to a more severe asthma phenotype in the mice [7].
References:
[1] Hsu J L, Chiang P C, Guh J H. Tunicamycin induces resistance to camptothecin and etoposide in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells: role of cell-cycle arrest and GRP78[J]. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2009, 380: 373-382.
[2] Han C, Jin L, Mei Y, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibits cell cycle progression via induction of p27 in melanoma cells[J]. Cellular signalling, 2013, 25(1): 144-149.
[3] Pałasz A, Cież D. In search of uracil derivatives as bioactive agents. Uracils and fused uracils: Synthesis, biological activity and applications[J]. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2015, 97: 582-611.
[4] Kim S Y, Hwang J S, Han I O. Tunicamycin inhibits Toll-like receptor-activated inflammation in RAW264. 7 cells by suppression of NF-κB and c-Jun activity via a mechanism that is independent of ER-stress and N-glycosylation[J]. European journal of pharmacology, 2013, 721(1-3): 294-300.
[5] Guha P, Kaptan E, Gade P, et al. Tunicamycin induced endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes apoptosis of prostate cancer cells by activating mTORC1[J]. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(40): 68191.
[6] Feng B, Huang X, Jiang D, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer tunicamycin alters hepatic energy homeostasis in mice[J]. International journal of molecular sciences, 2017, 18(8): 1710.
[7]Guo Q, Li H, Liu J, et al. Tunicamycin aggravates endoplasmic reticulum stress and airway inflammation via PERK-ATF4-CHOP signaling in a murine model of neutrophilic asthma[J]. Journal of Asthma, 2017, 54(2): 125-133.
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Cell experiment [1]: |
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Cell lines |
RAW264.7 cells |
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Preparation method |
RAW264.7 cells were pre-treated with 0.5μg/ml Tunicamycin Mixture for 2h and then incubated with LPS for 18h. |
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Reaction Conditions |
0.5μg/ml; 2 h |
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Applications |
Tunicamycin Mixture significantly reduced LPS-induced nitrite production/release and attenuated iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and protein expression. |
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Animal experiment [2]: |
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Animal models |
C57BL/6 male mice |
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Preparation method |
The mice were randomly divided into 2 groups according to similar average body weight and blood glucose level. One group were injected intraperitoneally with 1mg/kg Tunicamycin Mixture or vehicle. The body weight and blood glucose level at fed state were measured 24 h after injection. Later, mice were euthanized using carbon dioxide, followed by cervical dislocation. |
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Dosage form |
1mg/kg；i.p. |
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Applications |
Tunicamycin Mixture treatment for 24 hours significantly increased liver triglyceride accumulation, inhibited liver lipoprotein secretion, and reduced blood sugar levels and liver glycogen content. |
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References: [1] Kim S Y, Hwang J S, Han I O. Tunicamycin inhibits Toll-like receptor-activated inflammation in RAW264. 7 cells by suppression of NF-κB and c-Jun activity via a mechanism that is independent of ER-stress and N-glycosylation[J]. European journal of pharmacology, 2013, 721(1-3): 294-300. [2] Feng B, Huang X, Jiang D, et al. Endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer tunicamycin alters hepatic energy homeostasis in mice[J]. International journal of molecular sciences, 2017, 18(8): 1710. |
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| Cas No. | 11089-65-9 | SDF | |
| Formula | C39H64N4O16 (for Tunicamycin VII) | M.Wt | 845.0 |
| Solubility | DMF: 20 mg/ml DMSO: 20 mg/ml DMSO:PBS(pH 7.2) (1:3): 0.25 mg/ml | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 1.1834 mL | 5.9172 mL | 11.8343 mL |
| 5 mM | 236.7 μL | 1.1834 mL | 2.3669 mL |
| 10 mM | 118.3 μL | 591.7 μL | 1.1834 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL saline, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >95.00% Appearance: A solid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
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Related Biological Data
Tibial and growth plate images. (A) Representative images of tibia. (B) Safranin O/fast green staining of tibial growth plate in the control, MPs + SAL, MPs, and MPs + TM groups.
The ER-stress agonist group was administered with MPs at 2.0 mg/kg.bw/d by gavage, followed by intraperitoneal injection of TM(GlpBio) at 100 mg/kg.bw/d after 30 min.
Environmental Toxicology (2024). PMID: 38440912 IF: 4.5003 -
Related Biological Data
Acacetin decreases the expression of lipid synthesis and ferroptosis-related genes, reduces iron overload, and inhibits oxidative stress. (A). Hepatic iron content. (B). The lipid peroxidation product MDA was tested. (C) Hepatic GSH was measured.
The decrease of intracellular TG and mRNA levels of genes related to lipid synthesis caused by acacetin was significantly reversed by erastin (5 mM) and TU (1 mM) (GlpBio)
Biochem Bioph Res Co 640 (2023): 183-191. PMID: 36516527 IF: 3.322 -
Related Biological Data
TREM1 knockdown reduces inflammation and apoptosis of NPCs through inhibiting ERS. (A) The levels of inflammatory factors were measured with ELISA kits. The influence of MPLA and tunicamycin on apoptosis of the NPCs was assessed using
Tunicamycin, an endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) agonist, was purchased from Glpbio Technology, Inc. and NPCs were treated with tunicamycin at a concentration at 5 µg/ml (20).
Exp Ther Med 24.4 (2022): 1-11. PMID: 36160910 IF: 2.7511
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 22 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)