Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O111:B4 (Synonyms: LPS) |
| Catalog No.GC19203 |
This product is extracted from E.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
This product is extracted from E. coli serotype O111:B4 and purified by gel filtration. The source strain is from a private collection. This LPS serotype has been used to stimulate B-cells and induce NOS in human hepatocytes.
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is vital to both the structural and functional integrity of the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane. Ubiquitously expressed by all Gram-negative bacteria, and containing several well-conserved domains, lipopolysaccharide also serves as one of the primary targets of the innate arm of the mammalian immune system. The lipopolysaccharides have a profound effect on the mammalian immune system and are of great significance in the pathophysiology of many disease processes.[1]
In vitro study indicated that the bone resorption and the inhibition of collagen synthesis caused by lipopolysaccharide could be prevented by PB effectively. Lipopolysaccharide at a concentration of 10μg /ml inhibited bone collagen synthesis by 43% and PB reversed this inhibition in a dose-dependent manner. Even at concentrations as low as 5 μg/ml (PB: LPS =1:2) it reduced the bone-resorbing activity of the lipopolysaccharide by 85%. This effect was specific for resorption stimulated by lipopolysaccharide.[2]
Lipopolysaccharide preconditioning to mice obviously reduced coelenterazine-Induced fluorescent lesions of Colon26 cells at 7 and 14 days after the intraportal inoculation of Colon26 cells, which expressed Nano-lantern, in comparison to control mice. Moreover, lipopolysaccharide preconditioning significantly reduced the fluorescence intensity of tumors than that of the control mice at both 7 and 14 days after tumor inoculation as well as reduced the liver weight in comparison to control mice at 14 days. Results showed that tumor metastasis was exclusively found in the lungs but not liver. Lipopolysaccharide preconditioning also tended to reduce lung metastasis in vivo.[3]
References:
[1]. Erridge C, et al. Structure and function of lipopolysaccharides. Microbes Infect. 2002 Jul;4(8):837-51.
[2]. Harvey W, et al. In vitro inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced bone resorption by polymyxin B. Br J Exp Pathol. 1986 Oct;67(5):699-705.
[3]. Nishikawa M, et al. Lipopolysaccharide preconditioning reduces liver metastasis of Colon26 cells by enhancing antitumor activity of natural killer cells and natural killer T cells in murine liver. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Jul;36(7):1889-1898.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
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Cell lines |
Human cancer cell line HT-29 |
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Preparation Method |
HT-29 cells were incubated at 37℃ in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in low-D-glucose (16.67 mM) McCoy's 5a Medium Modified supplemented with 10% v/v heat-inactivated FBS, 2 mM L-glutamine, and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. |
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Reaction Conditions |
Prior to any treatment, cells were allowed to reach confluence in plate wells, and then monolayers were exposed to a range of concentrations of carrageenans (10, 50, and 100 μg x mL–1, final value), lipopolysaccharides (10 μg x mL–1, final value). Furthermore, stress model was induced by ethanol (10%). |
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Applications |
Mixtures of lipopolysaccharides and carrageenans exhibited a tendency toward the reference profile not exposed to ethanol, but at a rate less rapid than that of cells preincubated with the carrageenan alone. In the presence of lipopolysaccharides, κ/β-carrageenan remained active, whereas the other carrageenans had no activity. The differences. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
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Animal models |
Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200 – 250 g) |
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Preparation Method |
Animals were housed with free access to food and water. Lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella thyphosa (Sigma) dissolved in endotoxin-free saline was used for intraperitoneal injection. Animals were sacrificed after 2, 6, 12, and 24 h, and pancreas, liver, kidney, lung, brain, and intestine were processed. |
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Dosage form |
30 mg/kg |
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Applications |
Lipopolysaccharide treatment could induce p8 mRNA expression in the pancreas. Maximal induction (31fold) was observed after 12 h and expression remained significantly elevated after 24 h. p8 mRNA was also overexpressed after Lipopolysaccharide intraperitoneal injection in liver and kidney. Maximal p8 mRNA expression was obtained after 6 and 12 h of the LPS treatment in kidney and liver respectively. Induction was of 10 and 8fold in liver and kidney respectively. |
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References: [1]. Sokolova EV, et al. Effect of carrageenans alone and in combination with casein or lipopolysaccharide on human epithelial intestinal HT-29 cells. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2017 Oct;105(10):2843-2850. [2]. Jiang YF, et al. Lipopolysaccharides induce p8 mRNA expression in vivo and in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jul 14;260(3):686-90. |
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| Cas No. | SDF | ||
| Synonyms | LPS | ||
| Formula | M.Wt | ||
| Solubility | Soluble in water (5 mg/ml) or cell culture medium (1 mg/ml) | Storage | -20℃ |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
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Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Potency: >40000000 EU/mg
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
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Related Biological Data
The expression of M1-phenotypemarkers in MΦ under different culture conditions.(B) Fluorescence images of MΦ (treated with PBS, nab-PTX, and LPS,respectively), stained with anti-CD86 (green). The nuclei of MΦ were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars represent 40 μm.
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS; GlpBio) was used to induce MΦ M1 polarization.
Front Bioeng Biotech 12 (2024): 1361682. PMID: 38562665 IF: 5.6998 -
Related Biological Data
Changes in NF-kB pathway in cell function experiments. (A) (n = 3) (Original images can be found in Supplementary Materials),IL-6.
The medium was exchanged every 6–8 h. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (5 μg/mL) (cat: GC19203, GlpBio, Montclair, CA) -treated cells (24 h) were used as an inflammatory cell model.
Biomolecules, 2023, 13(10): 1495. PMID: 37892177 IF: 5.5002 -
Related Biological Data
Dynamic Fe(II) accumulation in inflammatory-activated macrophages. A Dynamic COU-LIP-1 fluorescence intensity change during the inflammatory activation.
M1 cells were activated by 8-h stimulation with 100 ng/mL LPS（GLPBIO）.
Biological Trace Element Research (2022): 1-8. PMID: 35852674 IF: 4.0807
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