CNQX (Synonyms: 6cyano7Nitroquinoxaline2,3dione, FG 9065) |
| Catalog No.GC11799 |
CNQX is an effective competitive antagonist of AMPA/kainate receptors, with IC50 values of 0.3µM and 1.5µM, respectively[1].
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 115066-14-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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CNQX is an effective competitive antagonist of AMPA/kainate receptors, with IC50 values of 0.3µM and 1.5µM, respectively[1]. CNQX is a non-NMDA receptor antagonist[2].
In vitro, CNQX (1µM) reduces the frequency of light-induced peak potentials in retinal ganglion cells by 28%±22% and also induces voltage- and magnesium-dependent delayed spike firing[2]. CNQX (0-100 mM; 20-24 h) exhibits dose-dependent toxicity in mixed mouse cortical cells, with neuronal damage effects[3]. CNQX (20 µM) reversibly depolarizes the membrane potential of TRN neurons, inducing smaller depolarizations in thalamic relay neurons in VB[4].
In vivo, CNQX (0.5 µg; i.c.v.) can block hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cell death induced by kainic acid in ICR mice, partially attenuate the increase of p-ERK and the decrease of p-CREB, and inhibit the expression of phosphorylated ERK protein[5]. Bilateral infusion of CNQX (0.5 or 1.25µg) into the amygdala or dorsal hippocampus of rats can block the expression of startle reflex[6].
References:
[1]TAGE HONORÉ, STEVE N. DAVIES, JØRGEN DREJER, et al. Quinoxalinediones: Potent Competitive Non-NMDA Glutamate Receptor Antagonists[J]. SCIENCE.1988(241):701-703.
[2] Jeffrey S. Diamond, David R. Copenhagen. The contribution of NMDA and Non-NMDA receptors to the light-evoked input-output characteristics of retinal ganglion cells[J]. Cell Press. October, 1993:725-738.
[3]Uliasz T F , Hewett S J . A microtiter trypan blue absorbance assay for the quantitative determination of excitotoxic neuronal injury in cell culture[J]. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2000, 100(1-2):157-163.
[4]Sang Hun Lee,G. Govindaiah,and Charles L. Cox. Selective Excitatory Actions of DNQX and CNQX in Rat Thalamic Neurons[J].Journal of Neurophysiology, 2010(4):103.
[5]Lee J K , Choi S S , Lee H K ,et al.Effects of MK-801 and CNQX on various neurotoxic responses induced by kainic acid in mice.[J]. Molecules & Cells, 2002, 14(3):339-347.
[6]Kim M, Campeau S, Falls W A, et al. Infusion of the non-NMDA receptor antagonist CNQX into the amygdala blocks the expression of fear-potentiated startle. Behav Neural Biol, 1993, 59(1): 5-8.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
|
Cell lines |
Mixed murine cortical cell |
|
Preparation Method |
Mixed murine cortical cell cultures were exposed to kainate (0-100 mM) in the absence or presence of increasing concentrations of CNQX. Then 20-24 h later, injury was assessed by spectrophotometric measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and trypan blue. |
|
Reaction Conditions |
0-100 mM; 20-24 h |
|
Applications |
There is a time-dependent increase in neuronal cell death as CNQX concentration increases. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
|
Animal models |
Male ICR mice |
|
Preparation Method |
CNQX were prepared in 5 % DMSO as vehicle. The i.c.v. administrations of KA, MK-801, and CNQX were performed following the procedure established by Laursen and Belknap (1986). Briefly, each mouse was injected at bregma with a 50 µl Hamilton microsyringe fitted with a 26-gauge needle that was inserted to a depth of 2.4 mm. The injection volume was 5µl. CNQX (0.5 µg) were injected 10 min prior to KA injection. |
|
Dosage form |
0.5 µg; i.c.v. |
|
Applications |
CNQX can block kainic acid-induced pyramidal cell death in the CA3 area of the mouse hippocampus, partially attenuate the increase in p-ERK and the decrease in p-CREB, and inhibit the expression of phosphorylated ERK protein. |
|
References: [1] Uliasz T F , Hewett S J . A microtiter trypan blue absorbance assay for the quantitative determination of excitotoxic neuronal injury in cell culture[J]. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 2000, 100(1-2):157-163. |
|
| Cas No. | 115066-14-3 | SDF | |
| Synonyms | 6cyano7Nitroquinoxaline2,3dione, FG 9065 | ||
| Chemical Name | 7-nitro-2,3-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline-6-carbonitrile | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O=C1NC2=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C(C#N)C=C2NC1=O | ||
| Formula | C9H4N4O4 | M.Wt | 232.16 |
| Solubility | ≥ 23.2mg/mL in DMSO | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.3074 mL | 21.5369 mL | 43.0737 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.8615 mL | 4.3074 mL | 8.6147 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.4307 mL | 2.1537 mL | 4.3074 mL |
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Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
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Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 9 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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