Felbamate hydrate (Synonyms: W-554 hydrate; ADD-03055 hydrate)

Felbamate (hydrate) (W-554 (hydrate)) is a potent nonsedative anticonvulsant whose clinical effect may be related to the inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) .

Felbamate (W-554) is an anti-epileptic drug used in the treatment of epilepsy. It is used to treat partial seizures (with and without generalization) in adults and partial and generalized seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in children. However, an increased risk of potentially fatal aplastic anemia and/or liver failure limit the drugs usage to severe refractory epilepsy[1]. Felbamate (W-554) has been proposed to a unique dual mechanism of action as a positive modulator of GABAA receptors and as a blocker of NMDA receptors, particularly isoforms containing the NR2B subunit. Although it is clear that felbamate does cause pharmacological inhibition of NMDA receptor of relevance of NMDA receptor blockade as a strategy for the treatment of human epilepsy has been questioned. Therefore, the importance of the effects of felbamate on NMDA receptors to its therapeutic action in epilepsy is uncertain[2].

References:
[1]. Kuo CC, et al. Use-dependent inhibition of the N-methyl-D-aspartate currents by felbamate: a gating modifier with selective binding to the desensitized channels. Mol Pharmacol. 2004 Feb;65(2):370-80.
[2]. Harty TP, et al. Felbamate block of recombinant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors: selectivity for the NR2B subunit. Epilepsy Res. 2000 Mar;39(1):47-55.