Streptozocin (Synonyms: Estreptozocin, NSC 37917, NSC 85998, Streptozocin, STZ, U 9889) |
Catalog No.GC17131
One-Click Copy Product Info
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Streptozocin is an antibiotic with pancreatic beta-cell toxicity and can be used to establish type 1 and type 2 diabetes models.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 18883-66-4
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
Streptozocin is an antibiotic with pancreatic beta-cell toxicity and can be used to establish type 1 and type 2 diabetes models. Streptozocin enters pancreatic islet beta cells through glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and releases nitric oxide and free radicals to cause DNA alkylation damage. Streptozocin inhibits DNA synthesis, pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism, and key enzymes of gluconeogenesis[1-4].
In vitro, treatment of mouse insulinoma MIN6 cells with 5mM Streptozocin for 1 hour followed by incubation with fresh medium containing 1mM N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide for 1 hour reduced the increase in intracellular ATP and NAD+ levels induced by N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide[5]. Treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells with 1-20mM Streptozocin for 24-48 hours induced reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species generation and membrane lipid peroxidation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and induced a decrease in cell viability[6]. Treatment of mouse pancreatic beta cell line INS-1 cells with 15-30mM Streptozocin for 1 hour induced cell apoptosis[7].
In vivo, intraperitoneal injection of Streptozocin (40mg/kg) once daily for 5 consecutive days induced chronic insulitis and insulin deficiency in C57BL/6 mice[8]. Single saphenous vein injection of Streptozocin (25-100mg/kg) in male Wistar rats after 16-hour fasting induced diabetes in a dose-dependent manner[9]. Single intraperitoneal injection, two injections at 24-hour intervals, and three injections at 24-hour intervals of Streptozocin (60mg/kg) in Wistar rats induced diabetes in a dose- and frequency-dependent manner, among which two injections of 60mg/kg at 24-hour interval stably maintained diabetic symptoms in rats for 21 days[10].
References:
[1] Weiss RB. Streptozocin: a review of its pharmacology, efficacy, and toxicity. Cancer Treat Rep. 1982 Mar;66(3):427-38.
[2] Moertel CG, Lefkopoulo M, Lipsitz S, et al. Streptozocin-doxorubicin, streptozocin-fluorouracil or chlorozotocin in the treatment of advanced islet-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 1992 Feb 20;326(8):519-23.
[3] Dickinson JE, Meyer BA, Chmielowiec S, et al. Streptozocin-induced diabetes mellitus in the pregnant ewe. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1991 Dec;165(6 Pt 1):1673-7.
[4] Moore AS, Nelson RW, Henry CJ, et al. Streptozocin for treatment of pancreatic islet cell tumors in dogs: 17 cases (1989-1999). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2002 Sep 15;221(6):811-8.
[5] Przygodzki T, Slominska E, Polakowska E, et al. Effects of 1-methylnicotinamide and its metabolite N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide on streptozotocin-induced toxicity in murine insulinoma MIN6 cell line. Acta Biochim Pol. 2011;58(1):75-77.
[6] Raza H, John A. Streptozotocin-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2012;13(5):5751-5767.
[7] Saini KS, Thompson C, Winterford CM, et al. Streptozotocin at low doses induces apoptosis and at high doses causes necrosis in a murine pancreatic β cell line, INS-1. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1996;39(6):1229-1236.
[8] Furman BL. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic models in mice and rats. Curr Protoc Pharmacol. 2015 Sep;70:5.47.1-5.47.20.
[9] Junod A, Lambert AE, Stauffacher W, et al. Diabetogenic action of streptozotocin: relationship of dose to metabolic response. J Clin Invest. 1969 Sep;48(12):2129-2139.
[10] Adeleye OE, Ajala T, Adekoya OA, et al. Effective dose regimen of streptozotocin for inducing diabetes in a rat model. Iran J Vet Med. 2024 Jul;18(3):377-386.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
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Cell lines |
HepG2 cells (human hepatoma cell line) |
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Preparation Method |
HepG2 cells were grown in poly-L-lysine coated flasks in DMEM supplemented with 1% nonessential amino acids, 2mM glutamine and 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum at 37°C, 5% CO₂. HepG2 cells were treated with Streptozocin for 24–48h. |
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Reaction Conditions |
1–20mM; 24–48h |
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Applications |
Streptozocin decreased HepG2 cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Streptozocin induced ROS and RNS production and increased NADPH-dependent membrane lipid peroxidation. Streptozocin decreased mitochondrial GSH, inhibited GSH-reductase and GST activities, and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential. Streptozocin inhibited mitochondrial respiratory chain Complex I and Complex IV activities, suppressed ROS-sensitive aconitase activity, and reduced intracellular ATP content. Streptozocin upregulated iNOS expression, promoted NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation, downregulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, increased caspase-3 activity, and induced nuclear condensation in HepG2 cells. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
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Animal models |
C57BL/6 or CD-1 male mice |
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Preparation Method |
Injected Streptozocin (40mg/kg; dissolved in 50mM sodium citrate buffer pH 4.5; freshly prepared) intraperitoneally into C57BL/6 or CD-1 male mice once daily for five consecutive days. During the administration period, provide normal food and 10% sucrose water. On the sixth day, replace the 10% sucrose water with regular water. |
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Dosage form |
40mg/kg; i.p.; once daily for 5 consecutive days |
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Applications |
Repeated low-dose Streptozocin induces type 1 diabetes in mice. Streptozocin caused long-term blood glucose greater than 300mg/dL in mice and increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). |
| Animal experiment [3]: | |
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Animal models |
C57BL/6 or CD-1 male mice |
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Preparation Method |
Mice were fasted 6-8h, then intraperitoneally administered nicotinamide (230mg/kg), followed by Streptozocin (dissolved in 50mM sodium citrate buffer pH 4.5; 65mg/kg; i.v.) 15min later. For the high-fat diet combined model, mice were fed 60% fat diet for 3-8 weeks then administered Streptozocin (30-40mg/kg; i.p.) single or twice at weekly interval. |
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Dosage form |
65mg/kg; i.v.; single Injection; 30-40mg/kg,i.p.; single or double injection. |
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Applications |
Nicotinamide+Streptozocin caused ~60% β-cell loss, stable moderate hyperglycemia with an insulin-deficient but not insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes phenotype. HFD+STZ caused hyperglycemia associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, recapitulating key features of human type 2 diabetes. |
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References: [1] Raza H, John A. Streptozotocin-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2012;13(5):5751-5767. [2] Vallon V, Schroth J, Satriano J et al. Adenosine A(1) receptors determine glomerular hyperfiltration and the salt paradox in early streptozotocin diabetes mellitus. Nephron Physiol. 2009;111(3):p30-8. [3] Furman BL. Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Models in Mice and Rats. Curr Protoc. 2021 Apr;1(4):e78. |
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| Cas No. | 18883-66-4 | SDF | |
| Synonyms | Estreptozocin, NSC 37917, NSC 85998, Streptozocin, STZ, U 9889 | ||
| Chemical Name | 1-methyl-1-nitroso-3-[2,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]urea | ||
| Canonical SMILES | CN(C(=O)NC1C(C(C(OC1O)CO)O)O)N=O | ||
| Formula | C8H15N3O7 | M.Wt | 265.22 |
| Solubility | ≥ 10.3mg/mL in DMSO, ≥ 53.2mg/mL in Water, ≥ 26.5mg/mL in EtOH with gentle warming | Storage | -20°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen,unstable in solution, ready to use. |
| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.7705 mL | 18.8523 mL | 37.7045 mL |
| 5 mM | 754.1 μL | 3.7705 mL | 7.5409 mL |
| 10 mM | 377 μL | 1.8852 mL | 3.7705 mL |
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- Purity: >99.00% Appearance: A solid
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Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 30 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)